10 colors in Chinese

Create a 10-question quiz about colors in English.

Melanocytes Derived from neural crest cells and migrate into the s. basale (and hair follicles) Cell extensions branch within s. basale and spinosum [1 among 5 – 10 keratinocytes] *Synthesize melanin into granules (melanosomes) at tips of extensions; keratinocytes phagocytose the tips and take in the melanosomes; form epidermal-melanin unit. Melanin colors: yellow, brown & black

1. What is the main purpose of including theme and main idea questions in a text? a) To test your reading comprehension skills b) To understand the overall message or lesson of the text c) To practice identifying specific details in the text d) To improve your vocabulary and word knowledge 2. What is the purpose of finding the theme in a text? a) To summarize the main idea of the text in a few words b) To identify the specific details and examples in the text c) To understand the order of events in the text d) To analyze the author's writing style and techniques 3. Which of the following represents the theme of a text? a) A long sentence that describes the setting of the story b) A single word or short phrase that captures the main idea of the text c) A list of characters and their traits d) A detailed description of the plot and conflict in the story 4. How does identifying the main idea of a paragraph help you understand the text? a) It allows you to make connections between different parts of the text b) It helps you identify the author's purpose for writing the text c) It enables you to predict what will happen next in the story d) It helps you remember the specific details and examples in the paragraph 5. Which of the following best describes the main idea of a paragraph? a) The specific details and examples that support the theme of the text b) The order of events and actions in the paragraph c) The overall message or lesson conveyed by the paragraph d) The vocabulary words and their definitions in the paragraph 6. In a short paragraph about dogs, what could be a possible theme? a) Running and playing in the park b) Different breeds of dogs and their characteristics c) The loyalty and companionship dogs provide d) How to train a dog to do tricks 7. What might be the main idea of a paragraph about the importance of recycling? a) Recycling reduces pollution and conserves natural resources b) The process of recycling and how it works c) The different types of materials that can be recycled d) The history of recycling and its impact on society 8. Which of the following could be the theme of a paragraph about the benefits of reading? a) The importance of reading for academic success b) How to choose the right book to read c) The different genres of literature and their characteristics d) The role of libraries in promoting reading 9. If a paragraph discusses the life cycle of a butterfly, what would be the most likely main idea? a) The different colors and patterns of butterfly wings b) The stages of a butterfly's life from egg to adult c) The habitats and environments where butterflies live d) The types of plants that attract butterflies for feeding 10. What is the purpose of including vocabulary words and their meanings in context in a text? a) To test your knowledge of different words and their definitions b) To understand the specific details and examples in the text c) To improve your reading comprehension skills d) To practice using new words in your own writing

Alright, Isti — here’s a longer and more detailed English version of the Isaac Newton text, still written at a level that’s accessible for Grade 4 students, but rich enough in information to meet PISA literacy expectations and EF A2-level vocabulary. I’ve kept sentences short, clear, and with explanations for new concepts so it’s easier for young learners to follow, while still including both famous facts and lesser-known stories. ⸻ Isaac Newton: The Man Who Changed the Way We See the World A Boy from a Small Village Isaac Newton was born on January 4, 1643, in Woolsthorpe, a small village in England. His life was not easy. His father died before he was born. When he was just a few months old, his mother remarried and left him to live with his grandmother. Isaac missed his parents, but he kept himself busy by making things and exploring the world around him. As a child, Isaac liked to build models and machines. He made a small windmill that could turn with the wind. He built a water clock that told the time by dripping water into a container. He even made a sundial — a clock that tells the time by using the shadow of the sun. 💡 Did you know? The sundial marks that Isaac carved as a boy can still be seen today on the wall of his old house. ⸻ School and Curiosity When Newton first went to school, he was not the top student. At first, he did not pay much attention in class. But one day, another boy teased him for not being smart. Newton decided to study hard to prove him wrong. Soon, he became the best in his class. Isaac loved asking questions. He wanted to know how and why things happened. He enjoyed watching the stars at night and thinking about how the world worked. ⸻ The Falling Apple and Gravity One of the most famous stories about Newton is the falling apple. One afternoon, Isaac sat in his mother’s garden and saw an apple drop from a tree. This made him think: “Why does the apple fall straight down? Why doesn’t it fly up into the sky?” From this question, Newton began to think about gravity — an invisible force that pulls objects toward each other. Gravity is what keeps our feet on the ground. It’s also what keeps the Moon moving around the Earth and the planets moving around the Sun. 💡 Fun fact: The apple did not hit Newton’s head. That’s just a story people made up later to make the tale more exciting. ⸻ Newton’s Three Laws of Motion Newton studied movement and wrote three important rules: 1. Objects stay still or keep moving unless something makes them change. • Example: A ball will not roll unless you push it. 2. The bigger the push, the bigger the movement. • Example: If you kick a ball harder, it will go faster and farther. 3. Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. • Example: When you jump off a boat, the boat moves backward as you move forward. These three laws are still used today to understand how cars, rockets, and even roller coasters work. ⸻ Discoveries in Light and Color Newton also studied light. He found that white light is not just one color — it is made of many colors. He used a glass prism to split sunlight into a rainbow. This helped scientists understand how colors work. ⸻ Inventions and New Ideas Newton made a special telescope that used mirrors instead of lenses. This type of telescope made images of planets and stars much clearer. It is still called the Newtonian telescope today. He also worked in mathematics and helped create a new type of math called calculus, which is used to study changes and movement. ⸻ Strange Experiments Newton was so curious that he sometimes tested ideas on himself. Once, he put a thin needle, called a bodkin, beside his eye to see how it would change his vision. It was very dangerous, but luckily he did not go blind. 💡 Did you know? Newton also studied alchemy — an old kind of science where people tried to turn metal into gold. He never succeeded, but it showed how wide his interests were. ⸻ Later Life and Work At the age of 27, Newton became a professor at Cambridge University. He later worked for the Royal Mint, making sure coins were made safely and stopping people from making fake money. He was very strict, and some criminals were sent to prison because of his work. Newton never married. He spent most of his life reading, writing, and doing experiments. ⸻ The End of His Life Isaac Newton died in 1727 at the age of 84. He was buried in Westminster Abbey, a famous place in London where great people of Britain are honored. His work changed the world forever. Even today, scientists, engineers, and students still use Newton’s laws and ideas. 💬 Newton once said: “If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.” This means we can make new discoveries by learning from the work of others who came before us. give 10 questions to each passage with PISA literacy standard for kid 10 years, 1. Nikola Tesla: The Man Who Dreamed of Lightning Born: July 10, 1856 Died: January 7, 1943 When Nikola Tesla was a boy in Croatia, he saw a flash of lightning and asked his mother, “Can we catch the light?” That question never left him. As he grew older, Tesla became a brilliant inventor, especially fascinated by electricity. He believed in a future where energy could be sent wirelessly through the air—like music through the radio! Tesla invented the alternating current (AC) system, which became the foundation of modern electricity. At the time, Thomas Edison promoted direct current (DC), and the two men had a fierce competition. Many laughed at Tesla's bold ideas, but he never gave up. He dreamed of wireless communication, flying machines, and even free energy for everyone. Though he died alone and poor, today the world honors his vision. Think About It: Why do you think people didn’t believe Tesla at first? What can we learn from Tesla’s courage to dream big? 2. Charles Darwin: The Man Who Studied the World’s Weirdest Creatures Born: February 12, 1809 Died: April 19, 1882 When young Charles Darwin got on a ship called HMS Beagle, he didn’t know he would change science forever. He sailed around the world for five years, collecting plants, animals, and fossils. On the Galápagos Islands, he noticed something curious: finches had different beaks depending on their island. Why? Darwin’s observations led him to write the theory of evolution by natural selection. It explained how animals adapt and survive. But his ideas shocked many people because they seemed to challenge religious beliefs. Despite the controversy, Darwin continued his work. His book On the Origin of Species changed how we see life on Earth. Think About It: Should scientists share their ideas even if they go against what others believe? How did traveling help Darwin make new discoveries? 3. Marie Curie: The Woman Who Glowed in the Dark Born: November 7, 1867 Died: July 4, 1934 Marie Curie was born in Poland at a time when girls were not allowed to study science. But that didn’t stop her. She moved to France, worked day and night, and discovered radioactivity, a powerful energy hidden inside atoms. She and her husband, Pierre Curie, found two new elements: polonium and radium. She became the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, and the only person to win in two different sciences: physics and chemistry. Even when Pierre died in an accident, Marie continued their work. Her discoveries helped doctors treat cancer—but working with radioactive materials also harmed her health. She died from radiation exposure, but her legacy lives on. Think About It: What challenges did Marie Curie face as a woman in science? Why is it important to balance discovery with safety? 4. Galileo Galilei: The Star Watcher Who Defied the Church Born: February 15, 1564 Died: January 8, 1642 Galileo loved looking at the stars. He built one of the first powerful telescopes and made stunning discoveries: mountains on the Moon, moons around Jupiter, and that the Earth orbits the Sun—not the other way around. This idea, called heliocentrism, went against the teachings of the Church. He was put on trial and forced to say he was wrong. But he wasn’t. He spent his last years under house arrest, quietly writing. Today, Galileo is called the father of modern science for daring to question what others blindly believed. Think About It: Why do you think Galileo was punished for telling the truth? Should science always follow evidence, even if it goes against powerful beliefs? 5. Isaac Newton: The Man Who Asked “Why?” When an Apple Fell Born: January 4, 1643 Died: March 31, 1727 One day, an apple fell from a tree, and Isaac Newton began to wonder: Why did it fall down, not sideways or up? This simple question led to his theory of gravity. Newton also invented calculus, described the laws of motion, and changed physics forever. But Newton wasn’t just a genius—he was curious, quiet, and often worked alone. He believed everything in nature followed rules, and it was our job to discover them. Thanks to him, we understand how planets move, how rockets launch, and why you fall when you trip. Think About It: How did Newton’s curiosity lead to great discoveries? Do you think working alone helped or hurt Newton? 6. Ada Lovelace: The First Computer Programmer Before Computers Existed Born: December 10, 1815 Died: November 27, 1852 Ada Lovelace was the daughter of the famous poet Lord Byron, but she didn’t love poetry—she loved numbers! At a time when girls were expected to sew, Ada studied mathematics. She met Charles Babbage, who designed an early computer called the Analytical Engine. Ada imagined the machine could do more than just math—it could create music, art, and even write! She wrote what is now considered the first computer program, long before real computers were built. Think About It: How did Ada imagine something that didn’t exist yet? Why do we call her a pioneer in technology? 7. Albert Einstein: The Man Who Brought Time and Space Together Born: March 14, 1879 Died: April 18, 1955 Albert Einstein wasn’t always a good student. In fact, his teachers thought he was slow. But Einstein thought deeply. He asked big questions like, “What if you could ride a beam of light?” His theories of relativity changed how we see space, time, and gravity. He also warned the world about the dangers of nuclear weapons, even though his ideas helped create them. Einstein believed science should help people, not harm them. With his messy hair, kind smile, and brilliant mind, he remains a symbol of genius. Think About It: Can someone be bad in school but still be brilliant? Should scientists be responsible for how their inventions are used? 8. Pythagoras: The Musician Who Loved Math Born: Around 570 BC Died: Around 495 BC Long ago in ancient Greece, Pythagoras believed the universe followed numbers. He discovered the Pythagorean Theorem, a rule about triangles that helps us build houses, design computers, and navigate space. He also believed that music had math inside it—that certain notes made perfect harmony because of mathematical ratios. Pythagoras started a secret school and taught his students to search for truth through numbers, shapes, and sound. Think About It: Why do you think Pythagoras saw math in everything? How does music relate to math? 9. Rosalind Franklin: The Woman Behind the DNA Discovery Born: July 25, 1920 Died: April 16, 1958 Rosalind Franklin loved looking closely at things. She used a special machine called X-ray crystallography to photograph molecules. One of her greatest photos, called Photo 51, showed the shape of DNA, the molecule that carries life’s instructions. But her work was taken without credit. Two men, Watson and Crick, used her photo to build their famous model of DNA and won the Nobel Prize. Rosalind died young and never knew how important her work became. Think About It: Why is it important to give credit in science? What can we learn from Rosalind’s quiet strength? 10. Carl Linnaeus: The Man Who Gave Names to Everything Born: May 23, 1707 Died: January 10, 1778 Have you ever wondered why a tiger is called Panthera tigris? That’s thanks to Carl Linnaeus, a Swedish scientist who created a way to name and organize every living thing. His system is still used today in biology. Linnaeus loved nature and spent his life collecting plants, animals, and even rocks. He believed that by organizing life, we could better understand it. Thanks to him, we now have a global “dictionary of nature.” Think About It: Why is it important to name and organize living things? How does order help us understand the world?

7.2.1 Critical Angle 1. The critical angle is the angle of incidence at which the refracted ray: A. Bends toward the normal B. Bends away from the normal C. Travels along the boundary D. Is totally reflected Answer: C 7.2.2 Snell’s Law & Critical Angle 2. Which formula correctly represents the critical angle c when light travels from medium 1 to medium 2? A. n1cos⁡c=n2 B. n2sin⁡c=n1 C. n1sin⁡c=n2 D. n1sin⁡c=n2sin⁡90∘ Answer: D 7.2.3 Total Internal Reflection 3. Total internal reflection occurs only when: A. Light travels from air to glass B. Angle of incidence is less than the critical angle C. Light travels from a denser to a rarer medium D. Refractive index of the second medium is greater Answer: C 4. Which condition is not required for total internal reflection? A. Light must travel from a denser medium B. Angle of incidence must exceed the critical angle C. Refractive index of second medium must be lower D. Light must strike at 90° Answer: D 7.2.4 Ray Diagrams & Angle Calculations 5. A ray in water (n = 1.33) hits the surface at 40°. Critical angle = 48.8°. What happens? A. Refraction only B. Total internal reflection C. No refraction D. Light stops Answer: A 7.2.5 Snell’s Law in Glass Blocks & Prisms 6. A ray enters glass (n = 1.5) from air at 30°. Which statement is correct? A. It bends away from the normal B. It bends toward the normal C. It travels straight D. It undergoes total internal reflection Answer: B 7. In a prism, the deviation of light occurs mainly because: A. Light slows down in glass B. Light speeds up in glass C. Light reflects internally D. Light cannot pass through glass Answer: A 7.2.6 Mirages 8. A mirage appears on a hot road because: A. Light reflects off the sky B. Light refracts through layers of air with different densities C. Light undergoes dispersion D. Light travels in straight lines only Answer: B 7.2.7 Dispersion Through a Prism 9. Dispersion occurs because: A. All colors refract equally B. Different wavelengths refract differently C. The prism reflects light D. White light cannot be refracted Answer: B 7.2.8 Rainbow Formation 10. A rainbow is formed due to: A. Refraction only B. Total internal reflection only C. Dispersion only D. Refraction + TIR + dispersion Answer: D 7.2.9 Optical Fibers 11. Optical fibers work mainly due to: A. Refraction B. Diffraction C. Total internal reflection D. Dispersion Answer: C 12. Which is an advantage of optical fibers? A. High signal loss B. Immune to electromagnetic interference C. Very heavy D. Slow data transmission Answer: B

A solution is composed of a solute dissolved in a solvent. In the sugar water described in Figure 5-1, the solute was sugar and the solvent was water, and the solute molecules diffused through the solvent. It is also possible for solvent molecules to diffuse. In the case of cells, the solutes are organic and inorganic compounds, and the solvent is water. The process by which water molecules diffuse across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called osmosis (ahs-MOH-sis). Because water is moving from a higher to lower concentration, osmosis does not require cells to expend energy. Therefore, osmosis is the passive transport of water. Direction of Osmosis The net direction of osmosis depends on the relative concentra- tion of solutes on the two sides of the membrane. Examine Table 5-1. When the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is lower than the concentration in the cytosol, the solution outside is hypotonic to the cytosol. In this situation, water diffuses into the cell until equilibrium is established. When the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is higher than the concentration in the cytosol, the solution outside is hypertonic to the cytosol. In this situation, water diffuses out of the cell until equilibrium is established. Observing Diffusion Materials 600 mL beaker, 25 cm dialysis tubing, funnel, 15 mL starch solution (10 percent), 20 drops Lugol’s solution, 300 mL water, 100 mL graduated cylinder, 20 cm piece of string (2) Procedure 1. Put on your disposable gloves, lab apron, and safety goggles. 2. Pour 300 mL of water in the 600 mL beaker. 3. Add 20 drops of Lugol’s solution to the water. CAUTION: Lugol’s solution is a poison and eye and skin irritant. 4. Open the dialysis tubing, and tie one end tightly with a piece of string. 5. Using the funnel, pour 15 mL of 10 percent starch solution into the dialysis tubing. 6. Tie the other end of the dialysis tubing tightly with the second piece of string, forming a sealed bag around the starch solution. 7. Place the bag into the solution in the beaker, and observe the setup for a color change. Analysis What happened to the color in the bag? What happened to the color of the water around the bag? Explain your observations. Quick Lab www.scilinks.org Topic: Osmosis Keyword: HM61090 mb06se_homs01.qxd 11/27/07 8:52 AM Page 98 HOMEOSTASIS AND CELL TRANSPORT 99 When the concentrations of solutes outside and inside the cell are equal, the outside solution is said to be isotonic to the cytosol. Under these conditions, water diffuses into and out of the cell at equal rates, so there is no net movement of water. Notice that the prefixes hypo-, hyper-, and iso- refer to the relative solute concentrations of two solutions. Thus, if the solution outside the cell is hypotonic to the cytosol, then the cytosol must be hyper- tonic to that solution. Conversely, if the solution outside is hypertonic to the cytosol, then the cytosol must be hypotonic to the solution. Water tends to diffuse from hypo- tonic solutions to hypertonic solutions. How Cells Deal with Osmosis Cells that are exposed to an isotonic external environment usually have no difficulty keeping the movement of water across the cell membrane in balance. This is the case with the cells of ver- tebrate animals on land and of most other organ- isms living in the sea. In contrast, many cells function in a hypotonic environment. Such is the case for unicellular freshwater organisms. Water constantly diffuses into these organisms. Because they require a relatively lower concentration of water in the cytosol to function normally, unicel- lular organisms must rid themselves of the excess water that enters by osmosis. Some of them, such as the paramecia shown in Figure 5-2, do this with contractile vacuoles (kon-TRAK-til VAK-y ̄ ̄o ̄ ̄o-OL), which are organelles that remove water. Contractile vacuoles collect the excess water and then contract, pumping the water out of the cell. Unlike diffusion and osmosis, this pumping action is not a form of passive trans- port because it requires the cell to expend energy. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. (a) (b) Vacuole filling with water Vacuole contracting TABLE 5-1 Direction of Osmosis Condition External solution is hypotonic to cytosol External solution is hypertonic to cytosol External solution is isotonic to cytosol Net movement of water into the cell out of the cell none H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O The paramecia shown below live in fresh water, which is hypotonic to their cytosol. (a) Contractile vacuoles collect excess water that moves by osmosis into the cytosol. (b) The vacuoles then contract, returning the water to the outside of the cell. (LM 315) FIGURE 5-2 100 CHAPTER 5 (a) HYPOTONIC Cell walls (b) HYPERTONIC (a) ISOTONIC (b) HYPOTONIC (c) HYPERTONIC Other cells, including many of those in multicellular organisms, respond to hypotonic environments by pumping solutes out of the cytosol. This lowers the solute concentration in the cytosol, bring- ing it closer to the solute concentration in the environment. As a result, water molecules are less likely to diffuse into the cell. Most plant cells, like animal cells, live in a hypotonic environ- ment. In fact, the cells that make up plant roots may be surrounded by water. This water moves into plant cells by osmosis. These cells swell as they fill with water until the cell membrane is pressed against the inside of the cell wall, as Figure 5-3a shows. The cell wall is strong enough to resist the pressure exerted by the water inside the expanding cell. The pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall is called turgor pressure (TER-GOR PRESH-er). In a hypertonic environment, water leaves the cells through osmosis. As shown in Figure 5-3b, the cells shrink away from the cell walls, and turgor pressure is lost. This condition is called plasmolysis (plaz-MAHL-uh-sis), and is the reason that plants wilt if they don’t receive enough water. Some cells cannot compensate for changes in the solute con-

好的，根據您提供的表格 [NEW SOURCE]，以下是表格中例句的中文意思： * **1. all** * **全部的**：**All** my friends were here with me. (我所有的朋友當時都在這裡。) * **全部**：**All** of us enjoyed the movie. (我們所有人都很喜歡這部電影。) * **都**：He got **all** wet. (他全身都濕透了。) * **2. along** * **沿著**：We walked **along** the river yesterday evening. (我們昨天傍晚沿著河邊散步。) * **帶……一起**：When my mother goes out, she takes my little brother **along**. (我媽媽外出時，會帶著我的小弟弟一起去。) * **3. angle** * **觀點**：We should look at the problems from different **angles**. (我們應該從不同的觀點來看待這些問題。) * **角度**：The picture is hanging at an **angle** of 45°. (這張畫以 45 度的角度懸掛著。) * **4. answer** * **答案**：Do you know the **answer** to the question? (你知道這個問題的答案嗎？) * **回答；回應**：Could you **answer** the phone for me? (你可以幫我接一下電話嗎？) * **5. back** * **後面**：She wrote her cellphone number down on the **back** of the paper. (她把她的手機號碼寫在紙的背面。) * **後面的**：Open the **back** door, please. (請打開後面的門。) * **回原處**：It’s time to go **back** home. (該回家了。) * **6. bat** * **蝙蝠**：Did you ever see a **bat** flying quickly in the sky at night? (你曾經看過蝙蝠在夜空中快速飛行嗎？) * **球棒**：Swing the **bat** higher. (把球棒揮高一點。) * **擊**：It’s your turn to **bat**. (輪到你打擊了。) * **7. bite** * **一口的量**：Jane took a **bite** of the guava. (珍咬了一口芭樂。) * **咬**：The dog **bit** the woman’s leg. (那隻狗咬了那個女人的腿。) * **8. book** * **書**：I’ve just started reading a **book** by Stephen King. (我剛開始讀一本史蒂芬·金的書。) * **預訂；預約**：They **booked** two seats at the theater. (他們在劇院預訂了兩個座位。) * **9. block** * **街區**：Nancy and I live on the same **block**. (南希和我住在同一個街區。) * **阻擋**：Those heavy boxes **blocked** my way to the restroom. (那些沉重的箱子擋住了我去洗手間的路。) * **10. bow** * **蝴蝶結**：David chose a gray **bow** tie to go with his black suit. (大衛選擇了一個灰色蝴蝶領結來搭配他的黑色西裝。) * **鞠躬**：The actor **bowed** to everyone before he left the stage. (那位演員在離開舞台前向大家鞠躬。) * **11. break** * **暫停；休息**：I’m tired. Can we take a **break**? (我累了。我們可以休息一下嗎？) * **分解**：These plastic forks are hard to **break** down. (這些塑膠叉子很難分解。) * **打破**：The glass is very expensive. Don’t **break** it. (這個玻璃很貴。不要打破它。) * **12. bright** * **晴朗的**：It’s a **bright** morning. Why not take a walk along the river? (這是個晴朗的早晨。何不沿著河邊散步呢？) * **明亮的**：The room isn’t **bright** enough. Let’s not read here. (這個房間不夠明亮。我們不要在這裡閱讀。) * **13. call** * **打電話**：I got a **call** from my old friend last night. (我昨晚接到我老朋友的電話。) * **打電話**：Tina **called** me last night. We talked a lot about music. (蒂娜昨晚打電話給我。我們聊了很多關於音樂的事。) * **呼喊**：Listen! Is that a **call** for help? (聽！那是求救的呼喊嗎？) * **呼喊**：Why did you **call** my name then? (那你當時為什麼喊我的名字？) * **14. camp** * **營隊**：Patrick joined a science **camp** this summer. (派屈克今年夏天參加了一個科學營隊。) * **露營**：They **camped** by the river yesterday. (他們昨天在河邊露營。) * **15. case** * **箱；盒**：The kids drank the whole **case** of Coke. (孩子們喝掉了一整箱可樂。) * **實例；情況**：The number of new **cases** of Covid-19 is growing. (新冠肺炎的新增病例數正在增加。) * **16. catch** * **接球**：Nice **catch**! My good dog. (接得好！我的好狗狗。) * **罹患（病）**：My head hurts. I may **catch** a cold. (我頭痛。我可能感冒了。) * **抓住**：I didn’t **catch** the ball. (我沒有接到那個球。) * **17. change** * **零錢；找零**：I think you’ve given me the wrong **change**. (我想你找錯錢了。) * **改變；交換**：The leaves **change** (in color) from green to red in the fall. (秋天時，樹葉的顏色從綠色變成紅色。) * **18. clean** * **打掃；清理**：Tom **cleans** the toilet once a week. (湯姆一週打掃一次馬桶。) * **乾淨的**：The water isn’t **clean**. Don’t drink it. (這水不乾淨。不要喝。) * **19. close** * **關；闔**：**Close** your books, students. Let’s have a pop quiz. (同學們，把你們的書闔上。我們要進行隨堂測驗。) * **靠近地**：Jane sat **close** to her husband at the party. (在派對上，珍緊挨著她的丈夫坐著。) * **20. cold** * **感冒**：I had a **cold** a week ago. (我一個星期前感冒了。) * **寒冷的**：It was **cold** last night. (昨晚很冷。)

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