1.1 Developments in East Asia
Quiz by Hannah Thomas
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- Q1
“The commercial area of the capital extends from the old Qing River market to the Southern Commons and to the city border on the north. . . . Some famous fabric stores sell exquisite brocade fabric and fine silk, which are unsurpassed elsewhere in the country. . . . Most other cities can only boast of one special product; what makes the capital unique is that it gathers goods from all places. Furthermore, because of the large population and the busy commercial traffic, there is a demand for everything.”
Description of Hangzhou, capital of the southern Song dynasty, circa 1235 C.E.
Which of the following assertions in the description of Hangzhou above would be most difficult to verify?
That the merchandise sold in Hangzhou was of higher quality than that sold in other Chinese cities
The Hangzhou had a large population
That the merchants of Hangzhou imported goods from many other places
That Hangzhou had a large market district
300s - Q2
The increased food production accompanying the introduction of Champa rice into China from Vietnam during the eleventh century best illustrates which of the following?
The reliance of China on food imports
The importance of Vietnam to the world economy
The stimulation of agriculture by technological innovation
The influence of China on neighboring societies
300s - Q3
“Emperor Zhengzong, being deeply concerned with agriculture, came to know that the Champa rice was drought resistant and that the green lentils of India were famous for their heavy yield and large seeds. Special envoys, bringing precious things, were dispatched with a view to securing these varieties.... When the first harvests were reaped in the autumn, the emperor called his closest ministers to taste them and compose poems for Champa rice and Indian green lentils.”
Which of the following made possible the Chinese cultivation of the staple crops described in the passage?
The creation of new forms of governance in China during the Song Dynasty
The intensification of regional trade networks in East and South Asia
The diffusion of Buddhism into China
The creation fo diasporic trade communities along the Silk Road
300s - Q4
Abbasid reliance on Persian bureaucrats and the introduction of Confucianism to Japanese political institutions both illustrate which of the following processes?
The integration of conquered peoples into existing social and political structures
The synthesis of foreign political traditions in the formation of new states
The influence of complex semi-religious philosophies
The diffusion of cultural ideals as trading networks grew in complexity
300s - Q5
All of the following were part of the Confucian social order EXCEPT
loyalty to the ruler
filial obedience to one's father
respect for the old
chastity by wives
chastity by husbands
120s - Q6
“Women leave their families to marry, and the husband is the master of the household they marry into. . . . The husband is to be firm, the wife soft; conjugal affections follow from this. While at home, the two of you should treat each other with the formality and reserve of a guest. Listen carefully to and obey whatever your husband tells you. If he does something wrong, gently correct him. Don’t be like those women who not only do not correct their husbands but actually lead them into indecent ways.”
Wife of a Tang dynasty official
The excerpt above best illustrates which of the following attributes of Confucianism?
The equality of all members of the family
The power of wives over their husbands outside the home
The virtues and duties of family members
The legitimacy of selling women to worthy families
300s - Q7
In the period 600 C.E. to 1450 C.E., states in Japan, Korea, and Vietnam had which of the following in common?
All successfully excluded European merchants
All were conquered by the Mongols
All rejected both Buddhism and Christianity
All were culturally influenced by China
120s - Q8
Which of the following is a key philosophical and religious element of Daoism?
Respect for one's ancestors as critical to proper behavior
unquestioning obedience to ruler
belief in the Mandate of Heaven
Emphasis on harmony between humanity and nature
Precedence of duty to one's family over all other obligations
120s - Q9
Which of the following best explains the changes in China's population shown in the table?
Immigration to China increased due to religious persecution of Buddhists in India and Southeast Asia.
Agricultural output increased as a result of the use of the new crop strains, iron plows, and expanded irrigation.
Less warfare with neighboring states and nomadic peoples also meant fewer casualties in wars and a population increase.
The Confucian emphasis on the importance of family led many Chinese to have more children.
300s - Q10
Which of the following best supports the conclusion that Japan borrowed extensively from Tang and Song China?
Japan had established a decentralized power structure under a shogun by the 11th century C.E.
Warriors or samurai gained substantial power and social status in Japan
Societal relations in Japan were based on Confucian principles of hierarchy.
The Shinto religion continued to exert a strong influence on Japanese culture.
120s - Q11
“Seeing that it is a girl’s destiny, on reaching womanhood, to go to a new home, and live in submission to her father-in-law and mother-in-law, it is even more incumbent upon her than it is on a boy to receive with all reverence her parents’ instructions. Should her parents, through excess of tenderness, allow her to grow up self-willed, she will infallibly show herself capricious and thus alienate his affection.”
Kaibara Ekken, Japanese author, Greater Learning for Women, 1716
The excerpt above exemplifies the continued influence on eighteenth-century Japan of which of the following?
The Christian tradition of children respecting their parents.
The Buddhist encouragement of female spirituality.
The Islamic practice of women appearing modestly in public.
The Confucian emphasis on filial submission.
300s - Q12
Which of the following has the greatest manufacturing capacity during the time period 1000 to 1450 ?
Japan
India
China
Western Europe
Russia
120s - Q13
The Chinese concept “Mandate of Heaven” was sometimes used to justify
widow immolation
reincarnation
monogamy
rebellion
foot binding
120s - Q14
“[Under the Song dynasty], the number of men who were granted degrees [by passing the imperial examinations] suddenly rose, indicating a similar rise in the number of candidates. This was made possible by an increase in China’s productive power and the consequent accumulation of wealth. . . . A new class appeared in China [under the Song], comparable to the middle class in early modern Europe. In China this newly risen class concentrated hard on scholarship. . . .
In principle [the examination system] was open to all qualified applicants regardless of social background, which made it unusually democratic. . . . But for a candidate to continue his studies without interruption for such a long period required a measure of economic support that was simply not available to poor people. . . . [Thus] the contention that the doors of the examination system were open to all applicants was an exaggeration, of course. . . . [Yet] we must not lose sight of the historical context: the very idea that everyone should be eligible for the examinations, regardless of family background or lineage, was incomparably forward-looking in its day. . . . It is true that the examinations not only produced officials loyal to the state but also, at times, resentful rejected applicants who opposed the system. Yet, when an old dynasty was replaced by a new, the latter usually undertook an early revival of the examination system practically unchanged.”
Ichisada Miyazaki, historian, China’s Examination Hell, book published in 1963
Question
All of the following developments in Song dynasty China were important factors in the accumulation of wealth outlined in the first paragraph EXCEPT
Increased Chinese involvement in the Indian Ocean trade
an increase in agricultural production in China
increased Chinese production of manufactured goods
an increase in technological innovations in China
300s - Q15
“[Under the Song dynasty], the number of men who were granted degrees [by passing the imperial examinations] suddenly rose, indicating a similar rise in the number of candidates. This was made possible by an increase in China’s productive power and the consequent accumulation of wealth. . . . A new class appeared in China [under the Song], comparable to the middle class in early modern Europe. In China this newly risen class concentrated hard on scholarship. . . .
In principle [the examination system] was open to all qualified applicants regardless of social background, which made it unusually democratic. . . . But for a candidate to continue his studies without interruption for such a long period required a measure of economic support that was simply not available to poor people. . . . [Thus] the contention that the doors of the examination system were open to all applicants was an exaggeration, of course. . . . [Yet] we must not lose sight of the historical context: the very idea that everyone should be eligible for the examinations, regardless of family background or lineage, was incomparably forward-looking in its day. . . . It is true that the examinations not only produced officials loyal to the state but also, at times, resentful rejected applicants who opposed the system. Yet, when an old dynasty was replaced by a new, the latter usually undertook an early revival of the examination system practically unchanged.”
Ichisada Miyazaki, historian, China’s Examination Hell, book published in 1963
Question
All of the following developments in Song dynasty China were important factors in the accumulation of wealth outlined in the first paragraph EXCEPT
The statement that most successful candidates “required a measure of economic support that was simply not available to poor people”
The statement that “when an old dynasty was replaced by a new, the latter usually undertook an early revival of the examination system practically unchanged”
The statement that “the examinations not only produced officials loyal to the state but also, at times, resentful rejected applicants who opposed the system”
The statement that “the very idea that everyone should be eligible for the examinations . . . was incomparably forward-looking in its day”
300s
