blood cell which transports oxygen to the other cells of the body

a tough, slipper membrane that encloses the heart

the lining of the nasal cavity that secretes sticky mucus

throat

windpipe

one of the two branches of the trachea, which allows air to enter the lungs

a thin, slippery membrane that covers each lung

tiny air sacs in the lungs that allow the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the air

a molecule designed to make chemical reactions occur very rapidly

body part for grinding food; critical for digestion

the visible part of the tooth

the hardest substance in the body; covers the crown

the part of the tooth not covered by enamel

hard, bonelike tissue under the enamel that forms and shapes the tooth

a thin, bonelike covering over the root that holds the tooth firmly in its socket

connects the cementum to the jawbone

the involuntary contraction of the muscles in the esophagus that pushes the food toward the stomach

hairlike tubes covering the inside wall of the small intestine

the body's largest internal organ

a liquid produced by the liver that helps digest fat

a saclike organ beneath the liver that stores bile

produces pancreatic juice for the small intestine to aid in digestion

a short section at the end of the colon

the system that excretes wastes from the body

bean-shaped organs that filter waste products and excess water from the blood

one of two tubes which connect the kidneys to the bladder

storage sac for liquid waste (urine)

the canal that discharges urine from the body

liquid supplied by the cardiovascular system that surrounds every cell in the body; help cells stay clean and maintain the right water balance

tissue fluid that has entered the lymphatic vessels

disease-causing organism

accumulations of lymphatic tissue that prevent pathogens from entering the body through the throat

the system of defense that fights invading microorganisms

a blood cell that battles pathogens

"big eater"; a white blood cell that moves in after the neutrophils to combat remaining bacteria

an eater cell that includes the neutrophils and macrophage and contributes the most in the battle against pathogens

the top layer of skin

the second layer of skin

the layer of cells just below the dermis

fat

the division of the skeleton that includes the 80 bones of the head, spine, and ribs

a hollow space that helps the voice resonate and lightens the skull

backbone

the 126-bone division of the skeleton that includes the bones of the appendages and the bones that connect them to the axial skeleton

hipbones, which connect the legs to the vertebral column

a crack or break that does not cause the bone to pierce the skin's surface

a broken bone that breaks through the skin's surface

muscle attached to the bones of the skeleton that can be controlled with the conscious mind; also called voluntary muscle

a relatively immovable part (like a bone) where one end of a muscle is anchored

a movable part of the body where the other end of the muscle is attached

muscle in organs and passageways of body systems that is not controlled with the conscious mind; not part of the muscular system

the brain and spinal cord

composed of nerves and nerve tissue

transmits messages from the central nervous system to the muscles and other organs

a chemical substance responsible for controlling many automatic activities of the body

a structure that secretes a chemical substance

gland in the endocrine system that produces hormones and releases them directly into the body

the "master gland" whose hormones control the action of other endocrine glands

a hormone that regulates the body's metabolism

hormones that regulate sugar levels throughout the body

a disease caused either when not enough insulin is produced or when the body does not respond properly to the insulin that is produced

the main organs of the reproductive system; the two ovaries in women and two testes in men

cells that fit tightly together to form protective barriers

the tissue type that provides motion

composes the muscles that can be voluntarily controlled

found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves; conducts impulses to and from all parts of the body

a mother's womb

a structure that attaches a developing baby to the wall of the uterus and allows exchanges between the baby's blood and the mother's blood

a structure containing three blood vessels that connects a developing baby to the placenta and uterus

navel; the place where the umbilical cord is attached to a baby

scientists who study anatomy

the two most important parts of human beings

how scientists seek to understand the body's composition and function

the three main divisions of the body

the system that helps the cardiovascular system return blood to the heart

the structure God designed to keep food from entering the trachea

the first section of the small intestine

the three locations that contain most of the body's lymph nodes

the two main jobs of the spleen

the white blood cells that contribute the most in the battle against pathogens

the organ that houses developing lymphocytes

the layer of the skin that contains sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles

four categories of bones by shape

three important types of movable joints

the system that accounts for about half of the body's weight

electrochemical messages that travel to and from the central nervous system, allowing the brain and spinal cord to control all your other body systems

the common name for epinephrine

six types of connective tissue

another term for conception

List, in order, the vessels blood travels through in the body's systemic circulation starting with arteries

List the flow of blood from when it enters the right atrium to when it leaves the left ventricle

What are the three major functions of the liver in the digestive system?

Why do muscles usually work in pairs?

How does a muscle move the insertion?

When does a human being's life begin?

Why all parts of the body are important and must work together

Why is the cardiovascular system important to every cell in the body?

Describe the path of food through the alimentary canal, in order.

mouth

esophagus

stomach

small intestine

colon

rectum

helper T cells

B cells

killer T cells

memory cells

Why are cardiac muscle tissue and smooth muscle tissue not considered part of the muscular system?

the brains three main parts

cerebrum

cerebellum

brain stem