The first substrate in the Kreb cycle, produced primarily from the oxidation of pyruvate by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

The amount of energy required to produce the transition state of a chemical reaction

The 3-D site on an enzyme where substrates (reactants) bind and a chemical reaction is faciliated 

Also called the "lock and key" model

This states that the active site of an enzyme and its substrate are perfectly complementary

The modification of enzyme activity through interaction of molecules with specific sites on the enzyme other than the active site

The building blocks (monomers) of proteins

A substance that can act as either an acid or a base

The process of building complex structures out of simpler precursor (for example, synthesizing prteins from amino acids)

The normal configuration of double-stranded DNA in which the 5' end of one strand is paired with 3' end of the other

A protein complex found in the inner membrane of the mitrochondria. It is essentially a channel that allow H+ ions to flow from the intermembrane space to the matrix