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Acid-Base Fundamentals

Quiz by Heather Powell

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41 questions
Show answers
  • Q1
    Which of the following is a substance that donates hydrogen ions?
    Buffer
    Acid
    Base
    30s
  • Q2
    The lungs will _________ respiratory rate to compensate for a metabolic acidosis
    Increase
    Decrease
    30s
  • Q3
    The kidneys will ___________ the amount of bicarbonate (HCO3) retention to compensate for a respiratory alkalosis.
    decrease
    increase
    30s
  • Q4
    A patient experiencing a panic attack is hyperventilating. What is the most likely primary acid-base disorder this patient will present with?
    Respiratory alkalosis
    Metabolic alkalosis
    Metabolic acidosis
    Respiratory acidosis
    30s
  • Q5
    The lungs will ________________ respiratory rate to compensate for a metabolic alkalosis
    Increase
    Decrease
    30s
  • Q6
    Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of metabolic alkalosis?
    Aggressive diuresis
    Salicylate overdose
    Dehydration
    Hyperaldosteronism
    30s
  • Q7
    Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of respiratory acidosis?
    Mechanical ventilation
    COPD
    Neuromuscular disorders
    Barbiturate overdose
    30s
  • Q8
    Which body system compensates most quickly to changes in pH?
    CNS
    Respiratory
    Heart
    Kidney
    30s
  • Q9
    The kidneys will ______________ the amount of bicarbonate (HCO3) excretion to compensate for a respiratory acidosis.
    increase
    decrease
    30s
  • Q10
    Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of respiratory alkalosis?
    Hyperexcitability
    Salicylate overdose
    Mechanical ventilation
    Aggressive diuresis
    30s
  • Q11
    For what acid-base disorder should an anion gap always be calculated?
    Respiratory alkalosis
    Metabolic acidosis
    Respiratory acidosis
    Metabolic alkalosis
    30s
  • Q12
    What is the expected compensation for an acute primary respiratory acidosis?
    For each 10 mmHg increase in PaCO2 there should be a 1 mEq decrease in HCO3
    For each 10 mmHg de crease in PaCO2 there should be a 1 mEq decrease in HCO3
    For each 10 mmHg decrease in PaCO2 there should be a 1 mEq increase in HCO3
    For each 10 mmHg increase in PaCO2 there should be a 1 mEq increase in HCO3
    30s
  • Q13
    Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for acute respiratory acidosis?
    Administer oxygen
    Sodium bicarbonate
    Sedatives
    Beta-blockers
    30s
  • Q14
    Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of metabolic acidosis?
    Lactic acidosis
    Protracted vomiting
    Diarrhea
    DKA
    30s
  • Q15
    What is the expected compensation for a chronic primary respiratory acidosis?
    For each 10 mmHg increase in PaCO2 there should be a 1 mEq decrease in HCO3
    For each 10 mmHg increase in PaCO2 there should be a 1 mEq increase in HCO3
    For each 10 mmHg decrease in PaCO2 there should be a 4 mEq increase in HCO3
    For each 10 mmHg increase in PaCO2 there should be a 4 mEq increase in HCO3
    30s

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