Question 1

Feudalism

Accepted Answer

A loosely organized system of rule in which powerful lords divided up their land among other lesser lords

Question 2

Vassal

Accepted Answer

A lord who pledged his loyalty to a more powerful lord

Question 3

Serf

Accepted Answer

Worker bound to the land he or she farmed

Question 4

Monarch

Accepted Answer

A hereditary ruler

Question 5

Legitimacy

Accepted Answer

The belief that a government has the right to make public policy

Question 6

Mercantilism

Accepted Answer

An economic policy designed to maximize the inflow of precious metals like gold and silver through trade and to make the national economy independent of other countries

Question 7

Colonialism

Accepted Answer

Administrative control over foreign lands

Question 8

Divine rights of kings

Accepted Answer

The belief that God grants kings the right to govern

Question 9

Encomienda

Accepted Answer

Feudalism system in Latin America

Question 10

Hacienda

Accepted Answer

large landholding in Latin America

Question 11

Counter-revolutionary

Accepted Answer

Those who oppose revolutionary change

Question 12

Guerrilla warfare

Accepted Answer

Fighting carried out by small groups in hit and run raids

Question 13

Fascism

Accepted Answer

A philosophy supporting a centralized government whose policies glorify the state over the individual

Question 14

Hardliners

Accepted Answer

A powerful figure in a tyrannical government who wants to maintain the status quo

Question 15

Softliners

Accepted Answer

A powerful figure in tyrannical government who wants reform

Question 16

Democratic consolidation

Accepted Answer

Process that takes place as a country firmly establishes all those factors considered necessary for a democracy to succeed

Question 17

Amnesty

Accepted Answer

A blanket pardon offered to a group of law violators

Question 18

Genocide

Accepted Answer

Attempted extermination of a national group

Question 19

Failed states

Accepted Answer

Countries without functioning governments

Question 20

Coalition

Accepted Answer

A temporary alliance of serval groups who come together to firm a working majority and so to control a government

Question 21

Minister

Accepted Answer

Cabinet members most commonly of the House of Commons

Question 22

Shadow cabinet

Accepted Answer

Members of opposition parties who watch or shadow particular cabinet members and would be ready to run the government

Question 23

Devolution

Accepted Answer

The delegation of government in which the leader has absolute power and authority

Question 24

North American free trade agreement

Accepted Answer

An agreement which removed trade restrictions among the United States Canada and Mexico thus increasing cross boarder trade

Question 25

Leaders of independence movements in the Spanish colonies had trouble creating a sense of national identity because of the prevalence of large self-sufficient landholdings called

Accepted Answer

haciendas.

Question 26

Great Britain gradually adopted a more democratic form of government, making a series of small changes over a period of many years. In the 1800s, for instance, voting rights were finally granted to

Accepted Answer

Catholics and people who did not own land.

Question 27

The idea of the divine right of kings began to lose power when

Accepted Answer

religious views grew more diverse in Europe and new scientific discoveries challenged traditional church teachings.

Question 28

The encomienda system, established by the Spanish monarchy, meant that

Accepted Answer

the native peoples in Spanish colonial territories were legally the property of the Spanish government, and Spanish settlers in those territories would be assigned natives to protect and employ.

Question 29

The term fascism refers to a government that

Accepted Answer

is centralized and authoritarian, valuing the state over the individual.

Question 30

In the 1970s and 1980s, most revolutionary groups throughout Latin America

Accepted Answer

engaged in guerilla warfare in an attempt to overthrow the government.

Question 31

The National Revolutionary Party, later known as the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), came to power in Mexico after promising

Accepted Answer

to follow the principles of revolutionaries Emilio Zapata and Pancho Villa.

Question 32

While the British monarchy was expanding the rights of British citizens, the French monarchy was

Accepted Answer

consolidating power in the monarchy and continuing to restrict the rights of the citizens.

Question 33

The national economies of many former colonies in Africa and Asia rely on a single crop. Why?

Accepted Answer

The former colonial governments found it more efficient to have each colonial territory specialize in one crop.

Question 34

A country is considered a failed state if

Accepted Answer

it has no functioning government and is unable to find any political stability.

Question 35

In 1981, shortly after giving historic rights to labor unions, the Polish government

Accepted Answer

reversed its decision, declaring martial law and going back on their promises to the labor unions.

Question 36

The term democratic consolidation refers to the

Accepted Answer

establishment all of the factors necessary for a successful democracy in a newly-democratic state.

Question 37

The new democratic government in El Salvador in the 1980s was threatened by

Accepted Answer

ongoing conflicts with a revolutionary group that kept the country in a state of civil war.

Question 38

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia adopted a new constitution that

Accepted Answer

guarantees individual rights, such as freedom of speech and freedom of the press.

Question 39

Dictatorships often find themselves on the defensive because

Accepted Answer

most dictators claim to believe in popular sovereignty, but they impose strict limits on basic freedoms.

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