Question 1

Which of the following describes the specific lobulation and morphological features of the liver in the Ox (Bos taurus)?

Accepted Answer

The liver is indistinctly lobulated with a shallow umbilical fissure and lacks a renal impression on the left lobe.

Answer

The liver is deeply divided into four primary lobes with a very deep esophageal notch.

Answer

The liver is divided into five distinct lobes by deep fissures and completely lacks a gallbladder.

Answer

The liver shows distinct, prominent hexagonal lobulation visible to the naked eye due to thick connective tissue.

Question 2

In the ox, which specific part of the liver carries the 'renal impression' for the right kidney?

Accepted Answer

Caudate process

Answer

Left lateral lobe

Answer

Quadrate lobe

Answer

Papillary process

Question 3

Regarding the ligaments of the liver in the ox, which statement correctly identifies the attachment of the round ligament?

Accepted Answer

It is the remnant of the umbilical vein and is found in the umbilical fissure.

Answer

It is the vestige of the ductus venosus located on the visceral surface.

Answer

It attaches the caudate process to the right kidney.

Answer

It is a heavy fibrous band connecting the liver to the diaphragm's central tendon.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true regarding the gallbladder and bile duct system in the Ox?

Accepted Answer

The gallbladder is pear-shaped and the bile duct opens into the duodenum about 50 to 70 cm caudal to the pylorus.

Answer

The ox lacks a gallbladder and the bile is secreted directly into the duodenum via the hepatic duct.

Answer

The bile duct joins the pancreatic duct to form a common hepatopancreatic ampulla before entering the duodenum.

Answer

The gallbladder is embedded entirely within the parenchymal tissue of the left lobe.

Question 5

Which specific border of the liver in the ox contains the 'esophageal notch'?

Accepted Answer

Dorsal border

Answer

Ventral border

Answer

Left border

Answer

Right border

Question 6

Regarding the position and orientation of the liver in the Ox, which physiological change primarily causes the liver to be pushed almost entirely to the right of the median plane?

Accepted Answer

The massive development and expansion of the rumen

Answer

The hypertrophy of the right kidney pushing the caudate process

Answer

The cranial migration of the diaphragm during expiration

Answer

The extreme length of the small intestine

Question 7

In the Ox, which specific lobe or process is located ventral to the porta hepatis and is bounded by the umbilical fissure on the left and the fossa for the gallbladder on the right?

Accepted Answer

Quadrate lobe

Answer

Left medial lobe

Answer

Caudate process

Answer

Papillary process

Question 8

Which of the following describes the lobes of the liver in the Ox, given that it lacks the deep fissures found in carnivores and pigs?

Accepted Answer

The liver is divided into left, right, quadrate, and caudate lobes, but these divisions are mostly superficial.

Answer

The liver is divided into six distinct lobes that are clearly separated by serous membranes.

Answer

The liver is divided into left lateral, left medial, right lateral, and right medial lobes by deep lateral fissures.

Answer

The liver consists only of a single large right lobe and a vestigial left lobe due to rumen pressure.

Question 9

In the ox&#44; which specific structure  is embedded in a deep groove on the dorsal border of the liver?

Accepted Answer

Caudal vena cava

Answer

Common bile duct

Answer

Portal vein

Answer

Hepatic artery

Question 10

Which of the following describes the unique morphological feature of the 'Papillary Process' in the liver of the Ox compared to that of the Dog?

Accepted Answer

In the Ox, the papillary process is small or even absent, whereas in the Dog, it is a prominent, distinct projection.

Answer

In the Ox, the papillary process is the largest lobe and extends significantly to the left side.

Answer

In the Ox, the papillary process contains the renal impression for the left kidney.

Answer

In the Ox, the papillary process is fused with the gallbladder to form the biliary plexus.

Question 11

The cystic duct and common hepatic duct of Ox are joined together to form

Accepted Answer

common bile duct/ ductus choledochus

Answer

hepato-enteric duct

Answer

cystico-enteric duct

Answer

accessory pancreatic duct

Question 12

The Gall bladder in Ox is loacted at

Accepted Answer

ventral part of the 10th-11th right intercostal space

Answer

ventral part of the 10th-11th left intercostal space

Question 13

Ductus choledochus open at the

Accepted Answer

Major duodenal papillar

Answer

minor duodenal papillae

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