In Australia there are three levels of government, the federal government, state governments, and local governments. All of these levels of government are necessary. This is so for several reasons. First, the federal government is necessary for the big things. They keep the economy in order and look after like defense. Similarly, the state governments look after the middle-sized things. For example, they look after law and order, preventing things like vandalism in school.  Finally, the local government looks after the small things. They look after things like collecting rubbish, otherwise, everyone would have diseases. Thus, for the reason above, we can conclude that the three levels of the government are necessary.

What kind of text is this?

In Australia there are three levels of government, the federal government, state governments, and local governments. All of these levels of government are necessary. This is so for several reasons. First, the federal government is necessary for the big things. They keep the economy in order and look after like defense. Similarly, the state governments look after the middle-sized things. For example, they look after law and order, preventing things like vandalism in school.  Finally, the local government looks after the small things. They look after things like collecting rubbish, otherwise, everyone would have diseases. Thus, for the reason above, we can conclude that the three levels of the government are necessary.

What is the purpose of the analytical exposition text above?

In Australia there are three levels of government, the federal government, state governments, and local governments. All of these levels of government are necessary. This is so for several reasons. First, the federal government is necessary for the big things. They keep the economy in order and look after like defense. Similarly, the state governments look after the middle-sized things. For example, they look after law and order, preventing things like vandalism in school.  Finally, the local government looks after the small things. They look after things like collecting rubbish, otherwise, everyone would have diseases. Thus, for the reason above, we can conclude that the three levels of the government are necessary.

Who is responsible for defense?

There is no best way to deal with pests in agriculture. Pesticides which are commonly used may cause many problems. I think combining different management operations is the most effective way to control pests. Firstly, the chemicals in the pesticides may build up as residues in the environment and in the soil which absorbs the chemicals. This reduces the quality of farm products. Secondly, pests can gradually become resistant to pesticides. This means that newer and stronger ones have to be developed. Lastly, some pesticides affect nontarget plants and animals such as fish and bees. This affects the ecology and the environment as well. So, understanding of ecology of an area helps a lot in pest control. Pesticides should be chosen and applied carefully so that they don’t affect the ecological balance and environment. Therefore, integrated pest management is a safe and more effective option to fight pests in agriculture and livestock. 

Which of the following is not directly affected by pesticides used?

There is no best way to deal with pests in agriculture. Pesticides which are commonly used may cause many problems. I think combining different management operations is the most effective way to control pests. Firstly, the chemicals in the pesticides may build up as residues in the environment and in the soil which absorbs the chemicals. This reduces the quality of farm products. Secondly, pests can gradually become resistant to pesticides. This means that newer and stronger ones have to be developed. Lastly, some pesticides affect nontarget plants and animals such as fish and bees. This affects the ecology and the environment as well. So, understanding of ecology of an area helps a lot in pest control. Pesticides should be chosen and applied carefully so that they don’t affect the ecological balance and environment. Therefore, integrated pest management is a safe and more effective option to fight pests in agriculture and livestock. 

What can you say about paragraph two and four?

There is no best way to deal with pests in agriculture. Pesticides which are commonly used may cause many problems. I think combining different management operations is the most effective way to control pests. Firstly, the chemicals in the pesticides may build up as residues in the environment and in the soil which absorbs the chemicals. This reduces the quality of farm products. Secondly, pests can gradually become resistant to pesticides. This means that newer and stronger ones have to be developed. Lastly, some pesticides affect nontarget plants and animals such as fish and bees. This affects the ecology and the environment as well. So, understanding of ecology of an area helps a lot in pest control. Pesticides should be chosen and applied carefully so that they don’t affect the ecological balance and environment. Therefore, integrated pest management is a safe and more effective option to fight pests in agriculture and livestock. 

One of the disadvantadges of using chemical pesticides is?

There is no best way to deal with pests in agriculture. Pesticides which are commonly used may cause many problems. I think combining different management operations is the most effective way to control pests. Firstly, the chemicals in the pesticides may build up as residues in the environment and in the soil which absorbs the chemicals. This reduces the quality of farm products. Secondly, pests can gradually become resistant to pesticides. This means that newer and stronger ones have to be developed. Lastly, some pesticides affect nontarget plants and animals such as fish and bees. This affects the ecology and the environment as well. So, understanding of ecology of an area helps a lot in pest control. Pesticides should be chosen and applied carefully so that they don’t affect the ecological balance and environment. Therefore, integrated pest management is a safe and more effective option to fight pests in agriculture and livestock. 

Secondly, pests can gradually become resistant to pesticides. (paragraph 3). The word resistant in the sentence above means?

Exposure to sunlight can offer various health benefits. This is why sunbathing has been considered very beneficial for the body for decades now. Morning is considered to be the best time for sun exposure. Sitting in the sun during morning hours for 10-20 minutes is considered sufficient. Here are some health benefits of morning sunlight exposure.

First, sunlight is said to be the best source of vitamin D. Our body tends to produce vitamin D when it is exposed to sunlight. The presence of this vitamin in the body boosts bone health. Vitamin D helps in the absorption of calcium, which is the most important nutrient for better bone and teeth development, from the diet consumed.

Second, sunlight elevates mood and eases anxiety. The production of vitamin D, through sunlight, also plays a pivotal role in regulating mood. Studies have also shown that it can help reduce depression and anxiety symptoms as well. Many believe sunlight might increase the levels of natural antidepressants in the brain.

Third, sunlight exposure makes you get better sleep. In case you are struggling with sleep at night, a brief period of exposure to the morning sun might do the job for you.

Fourth, sunlight exposure increases energy. It provides you with a heavy dose of energy, right in the morning boosting the energy hormones to keep you charged up all day.

Fifth, sunlight exposure strengthens immunity. It is said that sunlight increases blood levels of natural opiates called endorphins, which in turn strengthens an individual's immunity.

To sum up, sunlight exposure in the morning helps our body produce vitamin D, elevate mood, ease anxiety, increase energy, and strengthen immunity. It also makes us sleep better. Even though it takes 10 to 20 minutes in the morning, sunbathing in the morning has many benefits for people.

The topic of the text is?

Exposure to sunlight can offer various health benefits. This is why sunbathing has been considered very beneficial for the body for decades now. Morning is considered to be the best time for sun exposure. Sitting in the sun during morning hours for 10-20 minutes is considered sufficient. Here are some health benefits of morning sunlight exposure.

First, sunlight is said to be the best source of vitamin D. Our body tends to produce vitamin D when it is exposed to sunlight. The presence of this vitamin in the body boosts bone health. Vitamin D helps in the absorption of calcium, which is the most important nutrient for better bone and teeth development, from the diet consumed.

Second, sunlight elevates mood and eases anxiety. The production of vitamin D, through sunlight, also plays a pivotal role in regulating mood. Studies have also shown that it can help reduce depression and anxiety symptoms as well. Many believe sunlight might increase the levels of natural antidepressants in the brain.

Third, sunlight exposure makes you get better sleep. In case you are struggling with sleep at night, a brief period of exposure to the morning sun might do the job for you.

Fourth, sunlight exposure increases energy. It provides you with a heavy dose of energy, right in the morning boosting the energy hormones to keep you charged up all day.

Fifth, sunlight exposure strengthens immunity. It is said that sunlight increases blood levels of natural opiates called endorphins, which in turn strengthens an individual's immunity.

To sum up, sunlight exposure in the morning helps our body produce vitamin D, elevate mood, ease anxiety, increase energy, and strengthen immunity. It also makes us sleep better. Even though it takes 10 to 20 minutes in the morning, sunbathing in the morning has many benefits for people.

How many benefits does the writer present to support the thesis?

Exposure to sunlight can offer various health benefits. This is why sunbathing has been considered very beneficial for the body for decades now. Morning is considered to be the best time for sun exposure. Sitting in the sun during morning hours for 10-20 minutes is considered sufficient. Here are some health benefits of morning sunlight exposure.

First, sunlight is said to be the best source of vitamin D. Our body tends to produce vitamin D when it is exposed to sunlight. The presence of this vitamin in the body boosts bone health. Vitamin D helps in the absorption of calcium, which is the most important nutrient for better bone and teeth development, from the diet consumed.

Second, sunlight elevates mood and eases anxiety. The production of vitamin D, through sunlight, also plays a pivotal role in regulating mood. Studies have also shown that it can help reduce depression and anxiety symptoms as well. Many believe sunlight might increase the levels of natural antidepressants in the brain.

Third, sunlight exposure makes you get better sleep. In case you are struggling with sleep at night, a brief period of exposure to the morning sun might do the job for you.

Fourth, sunlight exposure increases energy. It provides you with a heavy dose of energy, right in the morning boosting the energy hormones to keep you charged up all day.

Fifth, sunlight exposure strengthens immunity. It is said that sunlight increases blood levels of natural opiates called endorphins, which in turn strengthens an individual's immunity.

To sum up, sunlight exposure in the morning helps our body produce vitamin D, elevate mood, ease anxiety, increase energy, and strengthen immunity. It also makes us sleep better. Even though it takes 10 to 20 minutes in the morning, sunbathing in the morning has many benefits for people.

Based on paragraph 3, we can conclude that sunlight exposure...

Exposure to sunlight can offer various health benefits. This is why sunbathing has been considered very beneficial for the body for decades now. Morning is considered to be the best time for sun exposure. Sitting in the sun during morning hours for 10-20 minutes is considered sufficient. Here are some health benefits of morning sunlight exposure.

First, sunlight is said to be the best source of vitamin D. Our body tends to produce vitamin D when it is exposed to sunlight. The presence of this vitamin in the body boosts bone health. Vitamin D helps in the absorption of calcium, which is the most important nutrient for better bone and teeth development, from the diet consumed.

Second, sunlight elevates mood and eases anxiety. The production of vitamin D, through sunlight, also plays a pivotal role in regulating mood. Studies have also shown that it can help reduce depression and anxiety symptoms as well. Many believe sunlight might increase the levels of natural antidepressants in the brain.

Third, sunlight exposure makes you get better sleep. In case you are struggling with sleep at night, a brief period of exposure to the morning sun might do the job for you.

Fourth, sunlight exposure increases energy. It provides you with a heavy dose of energy, right in the morning boosting the energy hormones to keep you charged up all day.

Fifth, sunlight exposure strengthens immunity. It is said that sunlight increases blood levels of natural opiates called endorphins, which in turn strengthens an individual's immunity.

To sum up, sunlight exposure in the morning helps our body produce vitamin D, elevate mood, ease anxiety, increase energy, and strengthen immunity. It also makes us sleep better. Even though it takes 10 to 20 minutes in the morning, sunbathing in the morning has many benefits for people.

Which statement belongs to facts?

When we throw our food into the bin, we don't see the harmful greenhouse gases it is going to release in the landfill. We also don't see the fuel and resources that went into producing the food or see the people around the world who are hungry. All we see is an apple in the bin. There are other costs to food waste. When food ends up in landfill, it decomposes without oxygen, and as a result, it releases methane, a harmful greenhouse gas. If food waste was a country, it would be the third largest producer of carbon emissions behind China and the United States. The more food that we waste, the more food we need to produce. This constant need to produce more puts additional pressure on the environment. For example, 25 million acres of land are deforested each year in order to grow food. This is happening despite the fact that we are actually producing enough food to feed the world. Food is wasted at all stages of the supply chain-from the farm to the fork. In developing countries, most of these losses occur in the early stages such as production and transportation. In developed countries, most food wastage occurs by consumers after purchase. When we waste food, all of the resources that went into growing and making it go to waste.

Throwing food in the trash can produce harmful gases.

When we throw our food into the bin, we don't see the harmful greenhouse gases it is going to release in the landfill. We also don't see the fuel and resources that went into producing the food or see the people around the world who are hungry. All we see is an apple in the bin. There are other costs to food waste. When food ends up in landfill, it decomposes without oxygen, and as a result, it releases methane, a harmful greenhouse gas. If food waste was a country, it would be the third largest producer of carbon emissions behind China and the United States. The more food that we waste, the more food we need to produce. This constant need to produce more puts additional pressure on the environment. For example, 25 million acres of land are deforested each year in order to grow food. This is happening despite the fact that we are actually producing enough food to feed the world. Food is wasted at all stages of the supply chain-from the farm to the fork. In developing countries, most of these losses occur in the early stages such as production and transportation. In developed countries, most food wastage occurs by consumers after purchase. When we waste food, all of the resources that went into growing and making it go to waste.

Methane gas is produced when food decomposes in the trash.

When we throw our food into the bin, we don't see the harmful greenhouse gases it is going to release in the landfill. We also don't see the fuel and resources that went into producing the food or see the people around the world who are hungry. All we see is an apple in the bin. There are other costs to food waste. When food ends up in landfill, it decomposes without oxygen, and as a result, it releases methane, a harmful greenhouse gas. If food waste was a country, it would be the third largest producer of carbon emissions behind China and the United States. The more food that we waste, the more food we need to produce. This constant need to produce more puts additional pressure on the environment. For example, 25 million acres of land are deforested each year in order to grow food. This is happening despite the fact that we are actually producing enough food to feed the world. Food is wasted at all stages of the supply chain-from the farm to the fork. In developing countries, most of these losses occur in the early stages such as production and transportation. In developed countries, most food wastage occurs by consumers after purchase. When we waste food, all of the resources that went into growing and making it go to waste.

If wasted food were a country, it would be the largest carbon emitter in the world.

When we throw our food into the bin, we don't see the harmful greenhouse gases it is going to release in the landfill. We also don't see the fuel and resources that went into producing the food or see the people around the world who are hungry. All we see is an apple in the bin. There are other costs to food waste. When food ends up in landfill, it decomposes without oxygen, and as a result, it releases methane, a harmful greenhouse gas. If food waste was a country, it would be the third largest producer of carbon emissions behind China and the United States. The more food that we waste, the more food we need to produce. This constant need to produce more puts additional pressure on the environment. For example, 25 million acres of land are deforested each year in order to grow food. This is happening despite the fact that we are actually producing enough food to feed the world. Food is wasted at all stages of the supply chain-from the farm to the fork. In developing countries, most of these losses occur in the early stages such as production and transportation. In developed countries, most food wastage occurs by consumers after purchase. When we waste food, all of the resources that went into growing and making it go to waste.

In developing countries, most food is wasted after it is purchased by consumers.

When we throw our food into the bin, we don't see the harmful greenhouse gases it is going to release in the landfill. We also don't see the fuel and resources that went into producing the food or see the people around the world who are hungry. All we see is an apple in the bin. There are other costs to food waste. When food ends up in landfill, it decomposes without oxygen, and as a result, it releases methane, a harmful greenhouse gas. If food waste was a country, it would be the third largest producer of carbon emissions behind China and the United States. The more food that we waste, the more food we need to produce. This constant need to produce more puts additional pressure on the environment. For example, 25 million acres of land are deforested each year in order to grow food. This is happening despite the fact that we are actually producing enough food to feed the world. Food is wasted at all stages of the supply chain-from the farm to the fork. In developing countries, most of these losses occur in the early stages such as production and transportation. In developed countries, most food wastage occurs by consumers after purchase. When we waste food, all of the resources that went into growing and making it go to waste.

Throwing away food has no impact on the environment.

Planting trees is good for environment. Trees reduce the urban heat island effect through evaporative cooling and reducing the amount of sunlight that reaches parking lots and buildings. They also improve our air quality by filtering harmful dust and pollutants such as ozone, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide from the air we breathe. They reduce the amount of storm water runoff, which reduces erosion and pollution in our waterways and may reduce the effects of flooding. In addition, many species of wildlife depend on trees for habitat. They provide food, protection, and homes for many birds and mammals.

There are .... benefits of planting trees found in the paragraph.

Planting trees is good for environment. Trees reduce the urban heat island effect through evaporative cooling and reducing the amount of sunlight that reaches parking lots and buildings. They also improve our air quality by filtering harmful dust and pollutants such as ozone, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide from the air we breathe. They reduce the amount of storm water runoff, which reduces erosion and pollution in our waterways and may reduce the effects of flooding. In addition, many species of wildlife depend on trees for habitat. They provide food, protection, and homes for many birds and mammals.

Trees can improve air quality because they...

Planting trees is good for environment. Trees reduce the urban heat island effect through evaporative cooling and reducing the amount of sunlight that reaches parking lots and buildings. They also improve our air quality by filtering harmful dust and pollutants such as ozone, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide from the air we breathe. They reduce the amount of storm water runoff, which reduces erosion and pollution in our waterways and may reduce the effects of flooding. In addition, many species of wildlife depend on trees for habitat. They provide food, protection, and homes for many birds and mammals.

"They provide food, protection, and homes for many birds and mammals."

The word "they" refers to....

Planting trees is good for environment. Trees reduce the urban heat island effect through evaporative cooling and reducing the amount of sunlight that reaches parking lots and buildings. They also improve our air quality by filtering harmful dust and pollutants such as ozone, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide from the air we breathe. They reduce the amount of storm water runoff, which reduces erosion and pollution in our waterways and may reduce the effects of flooding. In addition, many species of wildlife depend on trees for habitat. They provide food, protection, and homes for many birds and mammals.

What is the meaning of "reduce" in indonesian in the underlined text?