In 1793, President George Washington issued a proclamation the U.S. would remain neutral in the war between Britain and France. (p. 111)

A French Ambassador that threatened to drag the U.S. into "war abroad and anarchy at home" by setting up a base for French land and sea operations against Spain in Charleston, South Carolina.

British practice of taking American sailors and forcing them into military service

In 1794, this treaty with Britain, was negotiated by Chief Justice John Jay. The U.S. wanted Britain to stop seizing U.S. ships and impressing our sailors. However, the treaty said nothing about ship seizures, and Britain only agreed to evacuate posts on the U.S. frontier. (p. 111)

An insult to the American delegation when they were supposed to be meeting French foreign minister, Talleyrand, but instead they were sent 3 officials Adams called "X,Y, and Z" that demanded $250,000 as a bribe to see Talleyrand. Seized more than three hundred American sailors on British ships and threatened to hang them.

Undeclared war fought entirely at sea between the United States and France from 1798 to 1800. The French lost 90 ships to Americans and America only lost one

A conference between the U.S. and France which ended the naval hostilities. Agreement which freed America from its alliance with France, forgave French $20 million in damages and resulted in Adams' losing a second term as president.

Federalists passed 4 laws in 1798. They claimed the laws were to protect the country during the threat of war, but the federalists also intended the acts to prevent the republicans from gaining power.

Written anonymously by Jefferson and Madison in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts, they declared that states could nullify federal laws that the states considered unconstitutional.

An action by a state that cancels a federal law to which the state objects

Johan Adams appointed 58 judges to full time positions late in the night before he left office

This case establishes the Supreme Court's power of Judicial Review

Allows the court to determine the constitutionality of laws

A ceremony in which the president takes the oath of office

A group of advisers to the president made up by heads of various executive departments

a tax on the production, sale, or consumption of goods produced within a country

Hamilton's idea to hold tax revenue in one place and have one place to handle the nation's financial dealings

A political party created in the 1790s and influenced by Alexander Hamilton that wanted to strengthen the federal government and promote industry and trade.

Led by Thomas Jefferson, believed people should have political power, favored strong STATE governments, emphasized agriculture, strict interpretation of the Constitution, pro-French, opposed National Bank

In 1794, farmers in Pennsylvania rebelled against Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey, and several federal officers were killed in the riots caused by their attempts to serve arrest warrants on the offenders. In October, 1794, the army, led by Washington, put down the rebellion. The incident showed that the new government under the Constitution could react swiftly and effectively to such a problem, in contrast to the inability of the government under the Articles of Confederation to deal with Shay's Rebellion.

American general who beat the collection of Northwest Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers

The 1794 battle in which the Indians of the Northwest Territory were defeated.

1795 - Treaty between the U.S. and Spain which gave the U.S. the right to transport goods on the Mississippi river and to store goods in the Spanish port of New Orleans

Aaron Burr Democratic-Republican; U.S. Senator from New York; opponent of Alexander Hamilton's Federalist policies. (He later killed Alexander Hamilton in a duel) In the election of 1800, Burr tied with Jefferson in the Electoral College. The House of Representatives awarded the Presidency to Jefferson and made Burr Vice- President.

America's first Vice-President and second President. Sponsor of the American Revolution in Massachusetts, and wrote the Massachusetts guarantee that freedom of press "ought not to be restrained."

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court appointed by John Adams; looked for ways to increase the Judicial Branch's power