Which astronomical phenomenon occurs when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun, blocking the sunlight?

What is the term for the distance between the Earth and the Sun?

What is the term for the process of the Earth rotating (spinning) on its axis?

What is the term for the process of the Earth orbiting around the Sun?

What is the term for the gradual change in the orientation of the Earth's axis?

Which term refers to the point in the orbit of a planet where it is closest to the Sun?

What is the term for the point in the orbit of a planet where it is farthest from the Sun?

Which term describes the phenomenon where the Moon passes through the Earth's shadow, resulting in a darkening of the lunar surface?

What is the solar wind?