Question 1

What are the differences in the characteristics of individuals in a population called?

Accepted Answer

variation

Answer

individualities

Answer

unique traits

Answer

mutation

Question 2

What of these does NOT cause variation?

Accepted Answer

seasonal changes

Answer

environmental causes

Answer

genetic causes

Answer

combination of genes and the environment

Question 3

How do new phenotype variants occur?

Accepted Answer

mutations

Question 4

True or false: most mutations have no effect on phenotype.

Accepted Answer

true

Answer

false

Question 5

What is the process of breeding plants and animals for particular characteristics called?

Accepted Answer

selective breeding

Answer

evolution

Answer

genetic engineering

Answer

cloning

Question 6

Which of these is the FIRST step in the process of selective breeding?

Accepted Answer

choose parents with the desired characteristic

Answer

breed them together

Answer

continue over many generations until all offspring show the desired characteristic

Answer

choose offspring with the desired characteristic and breed again

Question 7

Which one of these is NOT a consequence of inbreeding?

Accepted Answer

offspring will only inherit positive traits

Answer

offspring will be less successful in reproducing

Answer

offspring will inherit defects and disease

Answer

offspring will be less successful in surviving

Question 8

What is the process of modifying the genome of an organism by introducing a gene from another organism to give a desired characteristic called?

Accepted Answer

genetic engineering

Answer

cloning

Answer

mutation

Answer

selective breeding

Question 9

Which of these features have plant crops NOT been genetically engineered to do?

Accepted Answer

to produce medicines

Answer

to produce bigger fruits

Answer

to be resistant to diseases/herbicides/pesticides

Answer

to give higher yields

Question 10

Which of these is NOT a concern about genetically engineered crops?

Accepted Answer

produce higher crop yields

Answer

possible detrimental effects on wild flowers

Answer

possible detrimental effects on insects

Answer

the effects on human health may not be fully understood

Question 11

How have bacteria been genetically engineered?

Accepted Answer

to produce useful substances, such as human insulin to treat diabetes

Answer

to not develop immunity to antibiotics

Answer

to reduce their reproduction rate

Answer

to change their structure

Question 12

What are enzymes used for in genetic engineering?

Accepted Answer

cutting out the required gene

Answer

keeping the bacteria used in genetic engineering sterile

Answer

breaking down nutrients

Answer

controlling the reactions of bacteria used in genetic engineering

Question 13

In genetic engineering bacterial plasmids or viruses can be used to transfer required genes into new cells. What is this transfer unit called?

Accepted Answer

vector

Answer

mutation

Answer

hybridoma

Answer

insertion

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