Question 1

How does compartmentalisation by their internal membranes benefit eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

The membranes increase the concentration of reactants in some organelles.

Answer

The membranes help to keep the shape of the cell.

Answer

The membranes allow movement of the cytoplasm.

Answer

The membranes can form organelles.

Question 2

Which organelle of eukaryotic cells produces polypeptides for secretion outside of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes on the rER

Answer

Ribosomes in the cytoplasm

Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

The golgi apparatus

Question 3

Which organelle is visible in an electron microscope but not in a light microscope?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Golgi Body

Answer

Cell wall

Question 4

Why is the inner membrane of the mitochondrion folded into cristae?

Accepted Answer

To increase its surface area for ATP manufacture.

Answer

To allow more efficient gaseous exchange.

Answer

To be impermeable to protons.

Answer

To provide a larger surface area for the enzymes of the Krebs cycle.

Question 5

Which of the following cell components are not regarded as organelles?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria.

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Plasma membrane.

Answer

Cytoskeleton.

Question 6

Which of the following is the best description of an organelle?

Accepted Answer

A membrane-bound component of a cell that has a particular function.

Answer

The mitochondrion and chloroplast are organelles.

Answer

A cell component.

Answer

A part of a cell with a specific function.

Question 7

Why is the cell component in the image regarded as an organelle?

Accepted Answer

It has a double membrane and is adapted for aerobic respiration.

Answer

It is smaller than a cell.

Answer

It is a chloroplast.

Answer

It has a double membrane and is adapted for respiration.

Question 8

In which ways does the ultracentrifuge NOT aid in the research into individual organelles?

Accepted Answer

It allows the researcher to separate molecules.

Answer

It can separate organelles based on their density.

Answer

It allows fractionation of cell components.

Answer

It can separate organelles based on their size.

Question 9

The ultracentrifuge was invented by Nobel laureate Thomas Svedberg in 1920. It can be used to fractionate cell components. How did fractionation of cell components create progress in scientific research?

Accepted Answer

It allowed researchers to separate individual organelles into suspensions.

Answer

It allowed researchers to identify organelles.

Answer

It allowed researchers to identify molecular components of cells.

Answer

It allowed researchers to discover the function of chloroplasts.

Question 10

Which of the following happens in the nucleus but not in the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

Transcription of DNA to mRNA.

Answer

Transcription of mRNA into polypeptides.

Answer

Modification of polypeptides for secretion.

Answer

Translation of mRNA into polypeptides.

Question 11

Which of the following are advantages to the nucleus of eukaryotic cells being surrounded by a membrane?

Accepted Answer

The genetic material can be kept discrete from the cell contents.

Answer

Mutations can be prevented.

Answer

Translation can be controlled.

Answer

mRNA can be translated before it is transcribed.

Question 12

What are the roles of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Processing polypeptides for secretion.

Answer

Consuming vesicles for exocytosis.

Answer

Manufacturing polypeptides.

Answer

Forming vesicles for endocytosis.

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