Question 1

A large rock is motionless on a flat sidewalk. Which statement best explains why the rock remains motionless?

Accepted Answer

The forces acting on the rock are all balanced.

Answer

There are no forces acting on the rock.

Answer

The only force acting on the rock is directed toward the sidewalk.

Answer

The sidewalk exerts an unbalanced force on the rock.

Question 2

A pitcher throws a ball toward a player holding a softball bat. The player uses the bat to hit the ball. The bat applies a 10-newton force to the ball.

Which statement correctly describes the reaction force between the bat and ball?

Accepted Answer

The reaction force is the force of the ball on the bat.

Answer

The reaction force is the force that causes the ball to move toward the bat.

Answer

The reaction force is the force applied to the bat by the player holding the bat.

Answer

The reaction force is the force that pulls the ball toward the ground.

Question 3

Two bumper cars collide head-on with equal speed. Right at impact, Rider A without a seatbelt lurches forward while Rider B’s seatbelt tightens and holds them in place.

Which option best explains how all three of Newton’s laws act simultaneously in this system?

Accepted Answer

A’s inertia keeps them moving (1st law); the belt on B exerts a net backward force, changing B’s motion (2nd law); at contact, car A pushes on car B and car B pushes back on car A with equal and opposite forces (3rd law).

Answer

Only inertia explains both riders’ motion.

Answer

The belt pulls B forward, while A keeps moving due to action–reaction.

Answer

The cars stop because gravity balances the forces horizontally.

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