Compounds that contain carbon

Compounds that do not contain carbon

Though it contains the element carbon, it is inorganic

a chemical process that combines several monomers to form a polymer

A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers

A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together.

A chemical reaction in which two monomers are bonded together with the removal of a water molecule.

A chemical reaction that splits a polymer by adding a water molecule.

What allows carbon to form 4 bonds with 4 elements at the same time?

What allows carbon to form rings and chains of an unlimited variety?

monomers of proteins

polymers of amino acid monomers

bond that joins together amino acids; forms between carboxyl of one AA and the amine group of the other AA in a dehydration synthesis reaction

A functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms (-NH2)

A functional group consisting of a single carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and also bonded to a hydroxyl (OH) group. (-COOH)

central part of amino acid/protein; repeating pattern

The part of an amino acid that is different

short chain of amino acids

Amino acids that are needed, but cannot be made by the body; they must be eaten in foods

tertiary structure; important for the protein's function

1. catalyze chemical reactions as enzymes, 2. membrane transport and signal receiving, 3. chemical messengers, 4. Cell structure and support

A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing

monomer of nucleic acids

polymers that are made up of monomers called nucleotides; examples are DNA and RNA

carbon sugar ring, phosphate backbone, nitrogenous base

store and transmit genetic information

compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms with a 2H:1O ratio

single sugar molecule

A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis.

A polymer of many simple sugars formed by dehydration synthesis.

1. short term energy storage, 2. cellular identification on the outside of cells

lipid rings

lipid chains; can be saturated or unsaturated

a lipid made of three fatty acid molecules and one glycerol molecule

a lipid consisting of a glycerol bound to two fatty acids and a phosphate group; important component of plasma membranes

1. long-term energy storage, 2. phospholipids are structural components of cell membranes, 3. hormones act as chemical messengers