C9 Crude oil and fuels
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- Q1
what are the fossil fuels?
crude oil, natural gas and coal
fuels that can't be replaced
30s - Q2
what is crude oil made of?
the remains of dead animals and plants
the remains of dead plants/organismsthe remains of dead plants/organisms
the remains of ancient sea animals and plants, mainly plankton
30s - Q3
what are fossil fuels made of?
the remains of ancient sea animals and plants, mainly plankton
the remains of dead plants/organisms
30s - Q4
what is crude oil made up of?
a mixture of hydrocarbons
a compound of hydrocarbons
30s - Q5
what is a hydrocarbon?
compound of hydrogen and carbon
compound of hydrogen and carbon only
30s - Q6
what is a hydrocarbon consisting of double bonds made up of?
alkene
alkene
alkane
30s - Q7
what is a hydrocarbon consisting of only single bonds made up of?
alkene
alkane
30s - Q8
what process do we use to separate crude oil?
fractional distillation, the hydrocarbons have different boiling points so separate into fractions with similar properties
fractional distillation, the hydrocarbons have different melting points so separate into fractions with similar properties
30s - Q9
Briefly describe the process of fractional distillation
Heat and vaporise most of the crude oil, pass through a fractionating column which starts off hot and gets gradually cooler towards the top of the column. The vapour rises until it reaches just below its boiling point and evaporates. This leads to fractions with similar sized hydrocarbons with similar properties.
Heat and vaporise most of the crude oil, pass through a fractionating column which starts off hot and gets gradually cooler towards the top of the column. The vapour rises until it reaches just below its boiling point and condenses. This leads to fractions with similar sized hydrocarbons with similar properties.
30s - Q10
what are some properties of the shorter hydrocarbon fractions?
less flammable, less volatile, more viscous, higher boiling point
more flammable, more volatile, less viscous, lower boiling point
30s - Q11
what is the general formula for alkenes?
CnH2n
CnH2n+2
30s - Q12
what is the general formula for alkanes?
CnH2n
CnH2n+2
30s - Q13
How to tell the difference between alkanes and alkenes?
orange bromine water turns colourless in the presence of alkanes
orange bromine water turns colourless in the presence of alkenes
30s - Q14
alkenes are saturated
falsetrueTrue or False30s - Q15
alkanes are saturated
truefalseTrue or False30s