Question 1

what are the fossil fuels?

Accepted Answer

crude oil, natural gas and coal

Answer

fuels that can't be replaced

Question 2

what is crude oil made of?

Accepted Answer

the remains of ancient sea animals and plants, mainly plankton

Answer

the remains of dead animals and plants

Answer

the remains of dead plants/organismsthe remains of dead plants/organisms

Question 3

what are fossil fuels made of?

Accepted Answer

the remains of dead plants/organisms

Answer

the remains of ancient sea animals and plants, mainly plankton

Question 4

what is crude oil made up of?

Accepted Answer

a mixture of hydrocarbons

Answer

a compound of hydrocarbons

Question 5

what is a hydrocarbon?

Accepted Answer

compound of hydrogen and carbon only

Answer

compound of hydrogen and carbon

Question 6

what is a hydrocarbon consisting of double bonds made up of?

Accepted Answer

alkene

Answer

alkane

Question 7

what is a hydrocarbon consisting of only single bonds made up of?

Accepted Answer

alkane

Answer

alkene

Question 8

what process do we use to separate crude oil?

Accepted Answer

fractional distillation, the hydrocarbons have different boiling points so separate into fractions with similar properties

Answer

fractional distillation, the hydrocarbons have different melting points so separate into fractions with similar properties

Question 9

Briefly describe the process of fractional distillation

Accepted Answer

Heat and vaporise most of the crude oil, pass through a fractionating column which starts off hot and gets gradually cooler towards the top of the column. The vapour rises until it reaches just below its boiling point and condenses. This leads to fractions with similar sized hydrocarbons with similar properties.

Answer

Heat and vaporise most of the crude oil, pass through a fractionating column which starts off hot and gets gradually cooler towards the top of the column. The vapour rises until it reaches just below its boiling point and evaporates. This leads to fractions with similar sized hydrocarbons with similar properties.

Question 10

what are some properties of the shorter hydrocarbon fractions?

Accepted Answer

more flammable, more volatile, less viscous, lower boiling point

Answer

less flammable, less volatile, more viscous, higher boiling point

Question 11

what is the general formula for alkenes?

Accepted Answer

CnH2n

Answer

CnH2n+2

Question 12

what is the general formula for alkanes?

Accepted Answer

CnH2n+2

Answer

CnH2n

Question 13

How to tell the difference between alkanes and alkenes?

Accepted Answer

orange bromine water turns colourless in the presence of alkenes

Answer

orange bromine water turns colourless in the presence of alkanes

Question 14

alkenes are saturated

Accepted Answer

false

Answer

true

Question 15

alkanes are saturated

Accepted Answer

true

Answer

false

Question 16

which prefix is used for a hydrocarbon with 4 carbons?

Accepted Answer

but

Answer

prop

Answer

meth

Answer

eth

Question 17

which prefix is used for a hydrocarbon with 1 carbon?

Accepted Answer

meth

Answer

eth

Answer

but

Answer

prop

Question 18

which prefix is used for a hydrocarbon with 2 carbons?

Accepted Answer

eth

Answer

prop

Answer

meth

Answer

but

Question 19

which prefix is used for a hydrocarbon with 3 carbons?

Accepted Answer

prop

Answer

but

Answer

eth

Answer

meth

Question 20

The shorter hydrocarbons are more in demand.

Accepted Answer

true

Answer

false

Question 21

what is combustion?

Accepted Answer

the burning of fuel in oxygen

Answer

the burning of fuel in carbon dioxide

Question 22

The products of incomplete combustion

Accepted Answer

carbon monoxide + carbon + water

Answer

carbon dioxide + water

Question 23

The products of complete combustion

Accepted Answer

carbon dioxide + water

Answer

carbon monoxide + carbon + water

Question 24

problem with carbon

Accepted Answer

causes breathing problems, global dimming

Answer

green house gas contributes to global warming

Answer

toxic, causes death due to replacing oxygen in our blood

Question 25

problem with carbon dioxide

Accepted Answer

green house gas contributes to global warming

Answer

causes breathing problems, global dimming

Answer

toxic, causes death due to replacing oxygen in our blood

Question 26

problem with carbon monoxide

Accepted Answer

toxic, causes death due to replacing oxygen in our blood

Answer

green house gas contributes to global warming

Answer

causes breathing problems, global dimming

Question 27

what is reduction

Accepted Answer

the removal of oxygen

Answer

the addition of oxygen

Question 28

what is oxidation

Accepted Answer

the addition of oxygen

Answer

the removal of oxygen

Question 29

what is the test for water?

Accepted Answer

blue cobalt chloride paper turns pink

Answer

limewater turns cloudy

Question 30

what is the test for carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

limewater turns cloudy

Answer

blue cobalt chloride paper turns pink

Question 31

why do we need cracking?

Accepted Answer

the supply and demand for the different fractions vary, the shorter hydrocarbons are more in demand, the longer hydrocarbons are more in supply

Answer

the supply and demand for the different fractions vary, the longer hydrocarbons are more in demand, the shorter hydrocarbons are more in supply

Question 32

what is cracking?

Accepted Answer

the breakdown of long hydrocarbons

Answer

the breakdown of short hydrocarbons

Question 33

what is produced from the cracking of large hydrocarbons?

Accepted Answer

shorter alkanes and alkenes

Answer

shorter alkanes

Question 34

what is thermal decomposition?

Accepted Answer

the break down of a substance when being heated

Answer

the break down of a substance when under pressure

Question 35

describe the process of cracking

Accepted Answer

heavy fractions distilled from crude oil is vaporised in crackers, it is then passed over a hot catalyst or mixed with steam and heated to a very high temperature

Answer

light fractions distilled from crude oil is vaporised in crackers, it is then passed over a hot catalyst or mixed with steam and heated to a very high temperature

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