Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between climate and weather?

Accepted Answer

Weather describes current conditions while climate is a long-term trend

Answer

Weather is always predictable while climate is not

Answer

Climate only refers to temperature while weather includes all atmospheric conditions

Answer

Climate is short-term while weather is long-term

Question 2

How does an increase in altitude generally affect temperature?

Accepted Answer

It causes temperature to decrease

Answer

It causes temperature to increase

Answer

It has no effect on temperature

Answer

It causes temperature to fluctuate randomly

Question 3

What is the primary factor that determines the amount of water vapour that can exist in the air?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Wind speed

Answer

Altitude

Answer

Pressure

Question 4

What does a climatograph typically show?

Accepted Answer

Average temperature and precipitation over a long period

Answer

Only precipitation patterns over time

Answer

Daily weather patterns for a specific location

Answer

Only temperature variations over time

Question 5

Which of the following is the most comprehensive level of organization in the biosphere?

Accepted Answer

Biome

Answer

Habitat

Answer

Ecosystem

Answer

Niche

Question 6

Why are biomes considered open systems?

Accepted Answer

They exchange both matter and energy with their surroundings

Answer

They only exchange matter with their surroundings

Answer

They are completely isolated from their surroundings

Answer

They only exchange energy with their surroundings

Question 7

In which biome would you expect to find permafrost?

Accepted Answer

Tundra

Answer

Temperate deciduous forest

Answer

Tropical rainforest

Answer

Desert

Question 8

Which adaptation is most likely to be found in tundra plants?

Accepted Answer

Growing close to the ground

Answer

Tall growth

Answer

Deep root systems

Answer

Broad leaves

Question 9

What is the primary type of tree found in the taiga biome?

Accepted Answer

Coniferous trees

Answer

Palm trees

Answer

Cacti

Answer

Deciduous trees

Question 10

Why do evergreen trees in the taiga keep their leaves year-round?

Accepted Answer

To use limited energy for structural growth

Answer

To increase transpiration

Answer

To attract more animals

Answer

To produce more oxygen

Question 11

Which biome is known for having very fertile soil, partly due to fallen leaves?

Accepted Answer

Temperate deciduous forest

Answer

Grassland

Answer

Tundra

Answer

Desert

Question 12

What is a common adaptation of animals in temperate deciduous forests?

Accepted Answer

Changing fur colour seasonally

Answer

Becoming nocturnal

Answer

Developing gills

Answer

Growing extra limbs

Question 13

Which factor primarily prevents forests from developing in grasslands?

Accepted Answer

Lack of precipitation

Answer

Excessive sunlight

Answer

Poor soil quality

Answer

Too much precipitation

Question 14

What is a common adaptation of grassland plants to survive periods of drought?

Accepted Answer

Storing water in their roots

Answer

Developing broad leaves

Answer

Shedding all leaves

Answer

Growing taller

Question 15

In which biome would the rate of evaporation typically exceed precipitation?

Accepted Answer

Desert

Answer

Tundra

Answer

Temperate deciduous forest

Answer

Tropical rainforest

Question 16

What is a common adaptation of desert animals to cope with extreme heat?

Accepted Answer

Being nocturnal

Answer

Developing thick fur

Answer

Being active during the day

Answer

Having small ears

Question 17

Which biome receives over 2000mm of precipitation per year?

Accepted Answer

Tropical rainforest

Answer

Taiga

Answer

Grassland

Answer

Tundra

Question 18

Why is the soil in tropical rainforests often nutrient-poor despite the lush vegetation?

Accepted Answer

Rapid plant growth consuming nutrients quickly

Answer

Excessive rainfall washing away nutrients

Answer

Lack of decomposition

Answer

Absence of microorganisms

Question 19

Which type of system allows only energy but not matter to cross its boundary?

Accepted Answer

Closed system

Answer

Hybrid system

Answer

Isolated system

Answer

Open system

Question 20

What percentage of Earth's surface is covered by water?

Accepted Answer

About 70%

Answer

About 60%

Answer

About 50%

Answer

About 80%

Question 21

What is the process by which solar energy reaches Earth?

Accepted Answer

Radiation

Answer

Absorption

Answer

Convection

Answer

Conduction

Question 22

What is the term for the reflectivity of a surface?

Accepted Answer

Albedo

Answer

Transmissivity

Answer

Emissivity

Answer

Absorptivity

Question 23

What is the current angle of inclination of Earth's axis?

Accepted Answer

23.5°

Answer

24.5°

Answer

21.5°

Answer

22.5°

Question 24

What term describes the amount of the sun's radiation that Earth absorbs?

Accepted Answer

Insolation

Answer

Radiation budget

Answer

Albedo

Answer

Angle of incidence

Question 25

Which equation is used to calculate the amount of heat energy gained or lost by a substance?

Accepted Answer

Q = mcΔT

Answer

E = mc²

Answer

PV = nRT

Answer

F = ma

Question 26

What is the specific heat capacity of water?

Accepted Answer

4.19 J/g·°C

Answer

5.00 J/g·°C

Answer

2.00 J/g·°C

Answer

3.89 J/g·°C

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a way that energy is transferred?

Accepted Answer

Sublimation

Answer

Radiation

Answer

Conduction

Answer

Convection

Question 28

What is the term for the amount of energy required to melt one mole of a substance?

Accepted Answer

Heat of fusion

Answer

Latent heat

Answer

Heat of vaporization

Answer

Specific heat capacity

Question 29

Which process requires more energy: melting or vaporization?

Accepted Answer

Vaporization

Answer

It depends on the substance

Answer

They require the same amount

Answer

Melting

Question 30

Which formula is used to calculate the energy required for vaporization?

Accepted Answer

Q = nHvap

Answer

Q = mcΔT

Answer

Q = nHfus

Answer

Q = nRT

Question 31

What is the heat of vaporization for water?

Accepted Answer

40.65 kJ/mol

Answer

18.02 kJ/mol

Answer

6.01 kJ/mol

Answer

100.00 kJ/mol

Question 32

What is the term for the routine climate pattern that occurs when sea surface temperatures in the tropical Pacific Ocean rise to above-normal levels?

Accepted Answer

El Niño

Answer

Jet stream

Answer

Trade winds

Answer

La Niña

Question 33

What are winds that blow along the equator traditionally called?

Accepted Answer

Trade winds

Answer

Westerlies

Answer

Jet streams

Answer

Easterlies

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