Question 1

Which of the following best describes "social perception"?

Accepted Answer

The process of interpreting and understanding others’ emotions, behaviors, and intentions

Answer

The study of how people form opinions about societal structures

Answer

The ability to predict future behaviors based on past experiences

Answer

The assessment of how individuals perceive physical objects

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of "stereotyping" in social perception?

Accepted Answer

Assuming someone is good at math because they are Asian

Answer

Deciding someone is friendly based on their smile

Answer

Making a judgment based on personal experience

Answer

Evaluating a person's personality based on their appearance alone

Question 3

According to attribution theory, when an individual attributes their own success to internal factors (like skill) and their failure to external factors (like bad luck), they are exhibiting:

Accepted Answer

Self-serving bias

Answer

Actor-observer effect

Answer

Defensive attribution

Answer

Fundamental attribution error

Question 4

The tendency to overestimate the role of internal factors (personality) and underestimate the role of external factors (situations) in explaining others’ behavior is known as:

Accepted Answer

Fundamental attribution error

Answer

Correspondence bias

Answer

Actor-observer effect

Answer

Self-serving bias

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of an "external" attribution for a person’s behavior?

Accepted Answer

He failed because the test was unfair and difficult.

Answer

She got a promotion because she is highly skilled.

Answer

She performed well because she is naturally talented.

Answer

He failed the test because he didn’t study enough

Question 6

According to Kelley’s Covariation Model of Attribution, which of the following is NOT one of the three main factors used to determine the cause of behavior?

Accepted Answer

Emotional intensity

Answer

Distinctiveness

Answer

<P><STRONG></STRONG>Consensus</P>

Answer

Consistency

Question 7

High consensus and high distinctiveness, along with low consistency, would lead to an internal attribution.

Accepted Answer

false

Answer

true

Question 8

According to Kelley’s theory, if a person behaves unusually (low consistency) in a specific situation, others act similarly (high consensus), and the behavior is unique to that context (high distinctiveness), the attribution would likely be external.

Accepted Answer

true

Answer

false

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the concept of “distinctiveness” in Kelley’s Covariation Model?

Accepted Answer

The degree to which a behavior is rare or unique in a given context

Answer

The degree to which a person behaves the same way across different situations

Answer

The frequency with which the behavior occurs

Answer

Whether other people behave in the same way in the same situation

Question 10

Anna has been consistently turning in her assignments on time throughout the semester. However, this week, she handed in an assignment late. When asked about it, she mentioned that she had been feeling sick and had to take some time off to recover.

Question:How would Anna’s late submission most likely be attributed according to the covariation model of attribution (Kelley’s model)?

Accepted Answer

External Attribution – The late submission is due to external factors like illness.

Answer

Stable Attribution – Anna is always disorganized, so the late submission is part of her usual behavior.

Answer

Internal Attribution – The late submission is because Anna is lazy or careless.

Answer

Unstable Attribution – This is a one-time event due to illness.

Question 11

David missed a work deadline, and when his boss asked why, he said that it was because his computer had crashed the night before. His colleague, Amy, also missed a deadline, but she blamed it on her own poor time management.

Question:According to the fundamental attribution error, how might David's boss attribute the missed deadline?

Accepted Answer

The boss would likely blame David’s internal characteristics (e.g., lack of responsibility) for the missed deadline

Answer

The boss would likely make no attribution, assuming that the deadline was irrelevant.

Answer

The boss would likely attribute the missed deadline to external factors, such as the computer crash.

Answer

The boss would likely attribute the missed deadline to the behavior of Amy, not David.

Question 12

Social cognition refers to:

Accepted Answer

The study of how people perceive, remember, and interpret information about others

Answer

The process of learning new social skills and behaviors

Answer

The understanding of individual personality traits

Answer

The interaction of people with their environment

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the term "social schemas"?

Accepted Answer

Mental frameworks or representations that help us organize and interpret social information

Answer

Emotional responses to social interactions

Answer

The ways in which individuals predict future social events

Answer

The unconscious mind's reaction to social stimuli

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a "downward counterfactual"?

Accepted Answer

"At least I didn’t fail the exam completely."

Answer

"If only I had studied more, I would have passed the exam."

Answer

"If I had stayed home, I wouldn’t have missed the concert."

Answer

"If I had taken that job, I would be happier now."

Question 15

Counterfactual thinking involves:

Accepted Answer

Imagining alternative outcomes to events that have already occurred

Answer

Automatically reacting to stressful situations

Answer

Memorizing facts and information

Answer

Forming quick judgments about others

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why people might exhibit automatic vigilance?

Accepted Answer

Evolutionarily, it is more important to notice potential threats or dangers than neutral or positive events

Answer

People have a greater need to avoid positive information than negative information

Answer

Negative information is often easier to process and remember than positive information

Answer

Negative events are perceived as more surprising or informative than positive events

Question 17

When a person constantly focuses on the possible better outcome of a situation (e.g., "If only I had studied harder, I could have gotten a better grade"), they are engaging in:

Accepted Answer

Upward counterfactual thinking

Answer

Downward counterfactual thinking

Answer

Automatic vigilance

Answer

Social categorization

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of false consensus bias?

Accepted Answer

Believing that everyone enjoys the same music you do

Answer

Acknowledging that different people may have different preferences

Answer

Realizing that most people dislike a particular food because of a survey

Answer

Understanding that people hold a variety of opinions on a controversial issue

Question 19

Which of the following statements is most likely to be influenced by false consensus bias?

Accepted Answer

"I think everyone supports my candidate for president, so they must be the best choice."

Answer

"Some people support different political candidates, but I respect their opinions."

Answer

"Not everyone agrees with me, but that's okay."

Answer

"I know that there are many different perspectives on this issue."

Question 20

Automatic vigilance is often linked to:

Accepted Answer

A bias toward interpreting ambiguous information in a negative way

Answer

The ability to process emotional information more slowly

Answer

A heightened ability to recall positive social interactions

Answer

A stronger tendency to avoid negative situations

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