Question 1

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What is the chain of infection? - A sequence of circumstances where all events must occur to develop an infection

Question 2

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What are the chain of infection links in order? - Infectious Agent (pathogen)

Question 3

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Reservoir

Question 4

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Portal of Exit

Question 5

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Mode of Transmission

Question 6

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Portal of Entry

Question 7

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Susceptible Host

Question 8

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What are the common types of infectious agents? - Bacteria

Question 9

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Viruses

Question 10

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Protozoa

Question 11

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Rickettsiae

Question 12

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Fungi

Question 13

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Helminthes

Question 14

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What is bacteria? - Single celled prokaryotic microorganisms (without a nuclear membrane) that multiply rapidly

Question 15

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What are viruses? - DNA or RNA is encased in a protein coating

Question 16

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Viruses cannot reproduce where? - Outside of a living host cell

Question 17

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What is protozoa? - Unicellular eukaryotic microorganisms (with a nuclear membrane) that can infect the blood, brain, intestines and other body areas

Question 18

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What is rickettsiae? - Are transmitted to humans by the bites of lice, ticks and fleas that act as vectors

Question 19

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What is fungi? - Tiny primitive organisms, that contain no chlorophyll

Question 20

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What is helminthes? - Parasitic worms or flukes

Question 21

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What is reservoir? - A place where the pathogen grows and may or may not multiply

Question 22

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Give some examples of reservoirs - Patient, staff member, animal, food

Question 23

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What is portal of exit? - An exit route for pathogens to leave its host

Question 24

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Give some examples of portal of exit - Blood, skin, mucous membranes, respiratory tract, genitourinary tract, and gastrointestinal tract

Question 25

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What is mode of transmission? - The manner in which an infectious agent moves from one source to another

Question 26

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Give some examples of mode of transmission - Touch, airborne droplets, medical instruments, mosquitoes, vermin

Question 27

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What are two types of contact for HAIs? - Direct Contact

Question 28

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Indirect Contact

Question 29

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What is direct contact? - Person to person or physical contact between source and susceptible host

Question 30

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Give some examples of direct contact - Fecal, oral

Question 31

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What is indirect contact? - Contact with contaminated inanimate objects

Question 32

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Give some examples of indirect contact - needles, utensils, hospital equipment

Question 33

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How does vector transmission occur? - Through a bite

Question 34

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Give some examples of vector transmission - fleas, ticks, mosquitoes

Question 35

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How does a droplet infection occur? - When the droplets from an infected hosted person are projected a short distance to the host's nasal mucosa, mouth or conjunctiva

Question 36

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How does airborne transmission occur? - When infectious particles dispersed in the air enter the host by inhalation

Question 37

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Give some examples of airborne transmission - coughing, sneezing

Question 38

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What is portal of entry? - Place where a pathogen enters the body

Question 39

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Give some examples of portal of entry - break in skin, mucous membrane, mouth, nose, genitourinary tract

Question 40

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What is susceptible host? - A personal who becomes ill after pathogens enter the body because they cannot fight off the pathogen

Question 41

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What is the most effective barrier to infection? - Intact skin

Question 42

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Any portal of _____ can also because a portal of _____. - exit; entry

Question 43

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What makes a human a susceptible host? - Virtue of age, weak state of health, or broken skin

Question 44

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Are people that require invasive procedures at risk for infection? - Yes

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