Included Kwakiutl, Tlingit, Haida, Chinook; skilled in woodworking and totem pole carving.

Primary food source for Pacific Northwest Coast peoples.

Revived by Lummi people in the 1970s to respect nature and salmon.

Early American civilizations in Mesoamerica before 1492.

Important civilizations in South America like Peru and Bolivia.

Native American tribes in the Far North and Pacific Coast.

Ancient tribes in the Deserts and Plains of Western America.

Built earthen mounds for burials and temples in the Eastern Woodlands.

Union of Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca for peace.

City with over 100 mounds, including Monks Mound, in Illinois.

Located in Washington, D.C., showcasing Native American artifacts.

Political system with kings, lords, vassals, and serfs in the Middle Ages.

Wars by the Roman Catholic Church against Islam in medieval Europe.

Deadly disease in the 14th century killing one-third of Europeans, contributing to the decline of feudalism.

Period of curiosity, learning, and change following the Middle Ages, rooted in classical writings and humanism.

Philosophy emphasizing freedom of thought and new ideas, influencing the Renaissance.

Invented by Johann Gutenberg in the mid-1400s, revolutionizing literature by enabling mass production of books.

Split from the Catholic Church in the early 16th century, led by Martin Luther.

Followers of the Reformation, breaking away from the Catholic Church.

New sea routes and sailing technology expanding trade between Europe and the East in the mid-15th century.

Light sailing ship enabling long-distance travel, used by Portuguese explorers like Bartholomeu Dias and Vasco da Gama.

Established a school in Portugal to train sailors in shipbuilding and navigation.

Exchange of goods between sub-Saharan and northern Africa, dominated by gold and salt.

West African kingdom that prospered from gold and salt trade, influenced by Islamic faith.

Successor to Ghana, controlled trans-Saharan trade under Mansa Musa, known for his pilgrimage to Mecca.

Empire east of Mali, took over trans-Saharan trade under Askia Mohammed before falling to Morocco in 1591.

Historical method using primary sources like travel journals to understand past cultures and events.

Group of people traveling together, especially in the context of trans-Saharan trade routes.

Advanced human society characterized by complex social structures, government, and culture.

To change one's beliefs, especially in the context of religious conversion.

Study of human societies and their interactions with the environment.

Financial gain earned from a transaction or activity.

Peasant bound to the land and obligated to serve a lord in feudal society.

Farming method involving cutting and burning of vegetation to clear land for cultivation.

Person granted land in exchange for loyalty and service to a lord in feudal society.