Chapter 11: Bau 4th Edition
Quiz by Darwin
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- Q1
The first and second lines of defense against microbial invasion are part of
innate immunity.
adaptive immunity.
species resistance.
microbial antagonism.
both species resistance and adaptive immunity.
60s - Q2
Phagocytic cells in the epidermis known as ________ contribute to its ability to prevent microbial invasion.
neutrophils
natural killer lymphocytes
microglia
dendritic cells
wandering macrophages
60s - Q3
Response to specific pathogens that can improve with subsequent exposure is
the first line of defense.
the second line of defense.
the third line of defense.
microbial antagonism.
innate immunity.
60s - Q4
Which of the following cells increase in number during a helminth infection?
basophils
macrophages
neutrophils
eosinophils
lymphocytes
60s - Q5
What do the nasal cavity, mouth, and urinary system have in common?
They have roles in excretion of waste products.
They are lined with tightly packed dead cells.
They are poorly vascularized.
The outer layers remain intact for many days.
They are lined with mucous membranes.
60s - Q6
Protection from infection known as species resistance is a result of
the lack of suitable environment in the body.
the absence of receptors required for microbial attachment.
the presence of phagocytes in the tissues.
the salty, acidic condition of normal skin.
both the absence of necessary receptors and lack of suitable environment in the body.
60s - Q7
The surface of the skin serves as a barrier to microbial invasion in part because it is
moisturized by mucus secretions.
constantly patrolled by neutrophils.
acidic.
a high-salt environment.
an acidic, high-salt environment.
60s - Q8
Which of the following contributes to protecting the eyes from microbial invasion?
Tears contain lysozyme and salt.
A mucus layer traps and removes microbes.
Tears mechanically flush particles from the eyes.
Tears contain lysozyme and salt and mechanically flush particles from the eyes.
Tears and mucus combine to trap microbes and remove them.
60s - Q9
Which of the following is the BEST definition of"microbial antagonism"?
the presence of pathogens on the surface of the skin, which will invade the body through abrasions
the presence of normal microbiota that protect the body by competing with pathogens in a variety of ways to prevent pathogens from invading the body
the presence of normal microbiota that can become pathogens under certain conditions
the ability of microbiota to mutate into pathogens
the presence of resident bacteria on the surface of the body and in cavities that connect to the surface
60s - Q10
Mucous membranes are quite thin and fragile. How can such delicate tissue provide defense against microbial invaders?
The mucus secreted by the mucous membrane physically traps microbes.
The mucus contains a variety of antimicrobial chemicals and molecules.
Both the mucus and the outer layer of cells are shed frequently.
The mucus is a physical trap that contains a variety of antimicrobial chemicals.
The mucus physically traps microbes, contains a variety of antimicrobial chemicals, and is shed constantly, along with the outer most layer of cells.
60s - Q11
Which of the following are chemotactic factors for phagocytes?
peptide fragments from complement
chemokines
interferons
interferons and chemokines
chemokines and peptide fragments from complement
60s - Q12
What is the function of NK cells?
They phagocytose virus particles.
They release interferons in response to detecting virus particles.
They release toxins to damage helminth parasites.
They identify and poison virus-infected cells.
They release defensins to damage bacteria.
60s - Q13
Mucus and sweat contain ________ which damage and kill bacteria.
antibodies
antimicrobial peptides
salts
complement fragments
NOD proteins
60s - Q14
The complement cascade and its by-products contribute to
attracting phagocytes to sites of infection.
triggering inflammation.
triggering release of interferons.
triggering inflammation and release of interferons.
both triggering inflammation and attracting phagocytes to sites of infection.
60s - Q15
Which of the following statements concerning the alternative complement system is TRUE?
It is more efficient than the classical pathway.
It works best onGram-positive bacteria.
Its activation is independent of antibodies.
It is not useful in the early stages of fungal infection.
It plays a very significant role in the elimination of parasitic helminths.
60s