Cindy, what games do you play after school? I play badminton after school. How about you, Sam? Sometimes, I play football. Sometimes, I play table tennis. Can I play table tennis with you? Yes, just come to the gym. Can I play football with you? Sorry, I don’t think you can catch the ball.

Sam: Cindy, what games do you play after school? Cindy: I play badminton after school. Cindy: How about you, Sam? Sam: Sometimes, I play football. Sometimes, I play table tennis. Cindy: Can I play table tennis with you? Sam: Yes, just come to the gym. Cindy: Can I play football with you? Sam: Sorry, I don’t think you can catch the ball.

Of the 7 billion people on Earth roughly 0:02 6 billion own a cell phone which is 0:05 pretty shocking given that only 4 and2 0:07 billion have access to a working toilet 0:09 so how are these popular gadgets 0:11 changing your body and brain If you're 0:13 looking down at your phone right now 0:15 your spine angle is equivalent to that 0:17 of an 8-year-old child sitting on your 0:19 neck which is fairly significant 0:21 considering people spend an average of 0:23 4.7 hours a day looking at their phone 0:26 this combined with the length of time 0:28 spent in front of computers has led to 0:30 an increase in the prevalence of myopia 0:32 or nearsightedness in North America in 0:34 the 1970s about one quar of the 0:36 population had myopia where today nearly 0:39 half do and in some parts of Asia 80 to 0:41 90% of the population is now nearsighted 0:44 and it can be hard to put your phone 0:46 down take for example the game Candy 0:48 Crush as you play the game you achieve 0:50 small goals causing your brain to be 0:52 rewarded with little bursts of dopamine 0:54 and eventually you're rewarded in the 0:56 game with new content this novelty also 0:58 gives little bursts of dopamine and 1:00 together create what is known as a 1:01 compulsion Loop which just happens to be 1:04 the same Loop responsible for the 1:05 behaviors associated with nicotine or 1:07 cocaine our brains are hardwired to make 1:10 us novelty seeking and this is why apps 1:12 on our phones are designed to constantly 1:14 provide us with new content making them 1:16 hard to put down as a result 93% of 1:19 young people aged 18 to 29 report using 1:21 their smartphone as a tool to avoid 1:23 boredom as opposed to other activities 1:26 like reading a book or engaging with 1:27 people around them this has created a 1:29 new term nomophobia the fear or anxiety 1:32 of being without your phone we also see 1:35 a change in brain patterns Alpha rhythms 1:37 are commonly associated with wakeful 1:39 relaxation like when your mind wanders 1:41 off whereas gamma waves are associated 1:44 with conscious attentiveness and 1:46 experiments have shown that when a cell 1:47 phone is transmitting say during a phone 1:49 call the power of these Alpha Waves is 1:52 significantly boosted meaning phone 1:54 Transmissions can literally change the 1:56 way your brain functions your smartphone 1:58 can also disrupt your sleep the screen 2:00 emits a blue light which has been shown 2:02 to alter our circadian rhythms 2:03 diminishing the time spent in deep Sleep 2:06 which is linked to the development of 2:07 diabetes cancer and obesity Studies have 2:10 shown that people who read on their 2:11 smartphone at night have a harder time 2:13 falling asleep and produce less 2:15 melatonin a hormone responsible for the 2:17 regulation of sleep wake Cycles Harvard 2:20 medical school advises the last 2 to 3 2:22 hours before bed be technology free so 2:24 pick up a book before bed instead of 2:26 course smartphones also completely 2:28 change our ability to access information 2:30 most notably in poor and minority 2:32 populations 7% of Americans are entirely 2:35 dependent on smartphones for their 2:37 access to the internet a 2014 study 2:40 found that the majority of smartphone 2:41 owners use their phone for online 2:43 banking to look up medical information 2:45 and searching for jobs so while phones 2:47 are in no way exclusively bad and have 2:50 been part of a positive change in the 2:51 world there's no denying that they are 2:53 changing us but many successful people 2:56 have now decided to take smartphone 2:58 vacations in order to increase 3:00 productivity in our new ASAP thought 3:01 video we break down the top six reasons 3:04 you should take a smartphone vacation 3:06 and how it could benefit your life right 3:08 now and subscribe for more weekly 3:09 science videos

Anna: Hey, Timmy! Why do you have ice skates? Timmy: It is Saturday night. I am going to the ice rink for Emma's birthday party! Anna: What will you do after the party? Timmy: I don't have any plans. I think I will go to sleep because it will be very late. Anna: What will you do on Sunday? Timmy: I will visit Grandpa's house on Sunday. We like to play board games together at the weekend. I usually visit him once a month. Timmy: What will you do tonight? Anna: Cindy and I will go to the movies! We will eat pizza before the movies.

Rainy Day Game Happy, happy, happy Playing outside makes the children happy. Sad, sad, sad The broken bike makes Cindy sad. OK, OK, OK Timmy is ok in the snowy weather. Timmy: Hello,Cindy. How are you? Cindy: I am OK. How about you? Timmy: I am not very happy. Rainy days make me sad. Cindy: I don't like rainy days either, but I am OK. Timmy: Why is that? Cindy: Well, I have many things that make me happy. Timmy: What makes you happy, Cindy? Cindy: I have a bed to sleep in and food to eat. Some people don't have that. Timmy: Yes, you are right, Timmy. Cindy: How about we play a game? Games always make me happy. Timmy: Yes, I think that games are fun. Cindy: Great. Let's play a rainy day game.

Cindy, what do you give your father for Father’s Day? Sometimes, I give him a cup. Sometimes I give him socks. How about you, Sam? Sometimes, I give him a card. Sometimes, I give him a tie. How about you, Timmy? I just give him a hug. A hug is not enough, Timmy. Let’s make some cards. All right! My dad will love it.

Cindy: Anna, what will you do today? Anna: I will do my homework. Cindy: Mary and I will jump rope. Do you want to come? Anna: Sorry, I can’t. I have to do my homework. Cindy: Can I help? Anna: Yes, you can. What is three minus two? Cindy: Three minus two is one. Anna: Great! I finished my homework. Now I can jump rope with you and Mary. Cindy: Yes, it will be so much fun.

Hey Cindy, what costume are you wearing? I am wearing a princess costume. This is my favorite Halloween costume. Your costume is very colorful. I think that it is pretty! Thank you! I think that my costume is pretty too. I like colorful clothing. What costume are you wearing, Sam? I am wearing a zombie costume. This is my favorite Halloween costume. I like to scare people! Your costume is very scary. I think that it is ugly! Yes, I like ugly costumes. They are scary. Pretty costumes can't scare people.

Teacher: Cindy, what do you give your father for Father’s Day? Cindy: Sometimes, I give him a cup. Sometimes I give him socks. Teacher: How about you, Sam? Sam: Sometimes, I give him a card. Sometimes, I give him a tie. Teacher: How about you, Timmy? Timmy: I just give him a hug. Teacher: A hug is not enough, Timmy. Let’s make some cards. Timmy: All right! My dad will love it.

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