Laws that kept slaves from either running away or rebelling, if they ran away it was illegal to harbor them, it also had some laws to protect them but they were ignored since slaves didn't have the right to a court (precursor to Black Codes)

remove from the union

runaway slave

Political party that believed in the non-expansion of slavery and was comprised of Whigs, Northern Democrats, and Free-Soilers.

Rebeled against the USA in the Civil War. Fought over many things such as states' rights and slavery

Lincoln was elected president without winning any states that would form the Confederacy. Southern states began seceding from the union before the inauguration.

From 1860-1865, he was the president of the Southern Confederate States after their succession from the Union.

Site of the opening engagement of the Civil War. On December 20, 1860.

A top graduate of West Point, Lee distinguished himself as an exceptional soldier in the U.S. Army for thirty-two years. Opposed slavery but fought for states rights. Eventual leader of Confederate army.

Banking, Factories, Ships

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Trading with Europe

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Said that if a state did not agree with a Federal Law, it could ignore it (followed from Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions and the South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification)

Bloodiest single-day battle in American history, ended hope of European intervention on part of Confederacy, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation

The Union army's six-week blockade that led the city to surrender during the Civil War, gave the Union control of the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in two

Turning point of the War that made it clear the North would win. 50,000 people died, and the South lost its chance to invade the North.

The Virginia town where Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in 1865, ending the Civil War

Given by President Lincoln following the battle of Antietam, it stated that all slaves in areas of rebellion would be freed. It did not include the Border States.

Launched the American Red Cross in 1881. An "angel" in the Civil War, she treated the wounded in the field.

a crazed actor and Confederate zealot, who assassinated President Lincoln at Ford's Theater in 1865.

an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States

A war based on wearing the other side down by constant attacks and heavy losses

1865 - Agency set up to aid former slaves in adjusting themselves to freedom. It furnished food and clothing to needy blacks and helped them get jobs

This amendment freed all slaves without compensation to the slaveowners. It legally forbade slavery in the United States.

the period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union (1865-1877)

A Southerner from Tennessee, as V.P. when Lincoln was killed, he became president. He opposed Radical Republicans who passed Reconstruction Acts over his veto. The first U.S. president to be impeached, he survived the Senate removal by only one vote.

a famous African-American unit in the Union army; led an attack on Ft. Wagner near Charleston, SC

After the burning of Atlanta Georgia on Nov 15 1864, he marched 300 miles to Savannah and arrived there December 22nd 1864 with the 1st Alabama cavalry regiment.

• Federal gov't assumed supreme national authority.

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presidential plan (designed to make it easy for the South the rejoin the Union);

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it called for amnesty for all who took a "Loyalty Oath", and had states ratify the 13th amendment, abolish slavery in their Constitutions, repudiate debts incurred while in rebellion and declare secession "null and void"

prohibited discrimination in public places- Supreme Court declared illegal

passed by Radical Republicans. It was harsh and intended to punish the south. 1. divide the south into 5 military districts, 2. place Union Generals as governors, 3. draw up new Constitutions for states giving Blacks the right to vote, 4. make the states ratify the 14th amendment, 5. allow only blacks and loyal whites to vote, keeping most southern whites out of government for a long time

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Pres. Johnson can't remove federal workers without permission of Congress, Johnson's violation of this law led to his impeachment.

found innocent by one vote

Hayes ended Reconstruction and promised to help the South in return he was chosen as president

1862- free land (160 acres) if you settle and develop, moves a large population west

Provided land for funds so that every state could have a "land grant" college focussing on science, agricultural, and homemaking arts

Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas

Delaware, Maryland, West Virginia, Kentucky, and Missouri

Laws passed in Southern states to regulate the activities of former slaves after the Civil War, they restricted Blacks' rights to marry, to own property, to hold or change jobs, to use public places, serve on juries, marry whites, and carry weapons. Laws were designed to deprive former slaves of their Constitutional rights.

After no Presidential Candidate got enough votes to win the election of 1876, southern delegates offered to cast their votes for Rutherford B. Hayes if he agreed to do the following, 1. withdraw all Federal Troops from the south, 2. appoint a southerner to his Cabinet, 3. support government spending for internal improvements in the South, 4. give Conservative Southern Democrats control of part of local patronage

An expression used as a vote getting stratagem by the Republicans during the election of 1876 to offset charges of corruption by blaming the Civil War on the Democrats.

Northerners who went to the South during Reconstruction. They carried their belongings in carpetbags, and most intended to settle in the South and make money there. Part of the radical government, they passed much needed reforms.

a white Southerner who joined the Republican Party during the Reconstruction period. they were also considered traitors to the Southern cause. Part of the radical government, they passed much needed reforms.

a system used on Southern farms after the Civil War in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops, trapped former slaves in an endless cycle of poverty and white dominance

Largely former slave owners. Staged a major counterrevolution to "redeem" the south by taking back southern state governments.

President as a result of the Compromise of 1877, he resumed gold payments, refused to expand currency, and didn't overhaul civil service as promised. Complained about treatment of blacks but did nothing to prevent it.

Democratic candidate for the U.S. presidency in the disputed election of 1876. A political reformer who worked closely with the New York City business community, led the fight against the corruption of Tammany Hall, and fought to keep taxes low

This amendment declared that all persons born or naturalized in the United States were entitled equal rights regardless of their race, and that their rights were protected at both the state and federal levels

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Provided suffrage to all black males, causes strife with some white female suffragists.

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White supremacists that used lynchings, beatings, and threats to control the black population. Catholics, Jews, immigrants and others thought to be un-American were targeted

Advoated military occupation of the south and enactment of 14th and 15th amendments, eventually impeached President Johnson.

Provided for a full pardon for all but highest ranking Confederate officials, 10% of 1860 electorate had to take oath

"malice toward none with charity for all","to bind up the nation's wounds"

Secretary of War fired by President Johnson, leading to Johnson's impeachment. The real cause for impeachment was Johnson's attempts to hinder the Congressional Republican's programs.

Supreme Court decision involving presidential war powers; civilians could not be tried in military courts in wartime when the federal courts were functioning.

Agency created by Congress as the war ended to assist Civil War refugees and freed former slaves.

a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal

Civil Rights Act of 1875 declared unconstitutional by Supreme Court, as the fourteenth amendment protected people from governmental infringement of rights and had no effect on acts of private citizens