Small GTPase, on/off switch (GTP or GDP bound)

Protein with GTPases activity to release GTP from RAS

Protein that controls GDP release and GTP binding on RAS

A large family of receptors that regulate many signal transduction pathways via G-proteins consisting of 3 subunits (alpha, beta, gamma).

Transmembrane protein/effector enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of PIP-2 into DAG and IP-3

Phospholipid component at the cell membrane that functions as a substrate for other signaling proteins, docking site for PH domain.

Component at the cell membrane which is able to bind AKT via PH domain.

Second messenger in the membrane that is a product of PIP-2 hydrolysis by PLC. Activates PKC.

Second messenger that diffuses through the cell and is a product of PIP-2 hydrolysis by PLC. Able to activate the release of calcium-2-ions.

Enzyme that is activated via calcium-2-ions and DAG, and phosphorylates target proteins upon activation.

Adaptor protein in signal transduction that binds to phosphorylated tyrosines (Y) on RTK via SH2-domain

GEF that activates Ras via the exchange of GDP to GTP.

Relays signals received via activated Ras and phosphorylates MEK

Relays signals of MAPKK and phosphorylates ERK.

Activates transcription factors and controls cell, mainly cell proliferation.

Tumor suppressor and lipid phosphatase: dephosphorylates PIP-3 into PIP-2 and can therefore inhibit PI3K and AKT.

Protein kinase with a PH-domain that binds to PIP-2 and PIP-3

The guardian of the genome.

cAMP dependent enzyme that phosphorylates different proteins.

Second messenger produced by AC from ATP after GPCR and G-protein activation.

Membrane bound enzyme, downstream of GPCR-G protein complex that converts ATP into cAMP.

Cell surface receptors consisting of an extracellular-, transmembrane- and intracellular domain. Getting phosphorylated on tyrosine upon ligand binding, relays signal via SH2 containing proteins.

Transmits signals from insulin receptors to intracellular pathways like PI3-K/AKT and MAPK.

Phosphorylates PIP-2 in PIP-3, relays signal via PH-containing proteins like AKT

Signaling proteins that bind to receptors that are composed of two types of subunits. Relays signals via SMADs.

Intracellular proteins that transduce extracellular signals from TGF-beta ligands to the nucleus, where they activate gene transcription.

Tumor suppressor in which mutations lead to colon cancer. In the WNT pathway it cleaves beta-catenin for ubiquitination.

Signal transduction pathway via cell surface receptors. WNT ligands, APC, and beta-catenin regulate this pathway.

Enzymes that are capable of degrading extracellular matrix proteins

One of the most crucial components of the tumor microenvironment which promotes the growth and invasion of cancer cells.

A cytokine that regulates cell growth, cell motility, and morphogenesis by activating a tyrosine kinase signaling cascade.

Signaling proteins secreted by the cell that induce chemotaxis.

Protein docking domain that allows proteins to dock to phosphorylated tyrosine (Y-P) residues.

Transmembrane receptors that aid in cell-extracellular matrix adhesion.

Transmembrane receptors that modulate cell adhesion, forming adherin junctions to bind cells within tissue (ECM).

Found in Src and Ras, and interact with adaptor proteins and tyrosine kinases, binds proline reach domains.

Binds to PIP2 and PIP-3. These domains recruit proteins to different membranes, enabling them to interact with signaling pathways.