
CONTROL STRUCTURES
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āHow many important control structures are there in Python?
6
3
4
5
āelif can be considered to be abbreviation of
if..else
else if
if..elif
nested if
How many important control structures are there in Python?
elif can be considered to be abbreviation of
What plays a vital role in Python programming?
Which statement is generally used as a placeholder?
The condition in the if statement should be in the form of
Which is the most comfortable loop?
What is the output of the following snippet?
i=1
while True:
Ā Ā Ā if i%3 ==0:
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā break
print(i,end='')
i +=1
What is the output of the following snippet?
T=1
Ā Ā while T:
Ā Ā Ā print(True)
Ā Ā Ā break
Which amongst this is not a jump statement ?
Which punctuation should be used in the blank?
if <condition>_
Ā statements-block 1
else:
Ā statements-block 2
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CP - Decision Control Structures
Building a program using control structures
Programming and Logic Lesson 3 Control Structures
ICT PROGRAMMING AND LOGIC LESSON 3 CONTROL STRUCTURES
6. CONTROL STRUCTURES - 2
⢠Landscape management A landscape is the evident factor of a land, its landforms, and the combined features of natural or artificial elements. Landscape management includes maintenance and integration of physical elements, water bodies, land cover, indigenous vegetation, human elements, such as structures and buildings, and climatic conditions. ⢠Soil Preparation In the list of farming practices, soil preparation is placed second because of its importance for seed germination. Before a crop is grown, the soil is leveled and plowed a bit deeply to prepare it for the sowing of seed. After plowing, the soil loosens and develops proper aeration in the soil. ⢠Sowing Seed selection from good quality varieties is the principal step of sowing. After preparing the soil, seeds are spread over the field, called sowing. Manual and mechanical (seeders) methods of sowing can be used. Some plants, such as rice, are first grown as seedlings in a small space and later transplanted to fields. ⢠Manuring Plants need nutrients for their growth and fruit/seed production. Therefore, nutrients must be consumed at even intervals. Fertilization is the stage at which nutrients are introduced into the lands. These nutrients can be natural manure or artificial fertilizers. Decomposed products and waste of plants and animals are used as manure because of their nutrient richness. ⢠Irrigation Irrigation means supplying water to plants. Water sources can be dams, ponds, wells, canals, etc. Excessive irrigation can damage crops and lead to waterlogging. The irrigation interval and frequency must be monitored, as they vary with the crop. ⢠Weeding Unwanted plants grown alongside field crops are known as weeds. These plants are removed with the help of weed killers (weedicides), manually plucking with hands. Several weeds can be removed with better soil preparation techniques. ⢠Integrated Pest Management ⢠IPM ā Integrated Pest Management, is a successful and ecologically sensitive technique to manage pests using combined sustainable practices. IPM is a series of methods including pest assessment, decision, and control techniques ⢠Integrating Crops and Livestock Integrating crops and livestock increases the diversity and environmental sustainability of both sectors. In the meantime, it will offer opportunities to increase overall agricultural production and profitability. ⢠Storage/Selling In the end steps of agricultural practices, the resulting grains are stored in warehouses for later use and selling purposes. Therefore, better plant protection methods must be used to protect grains from rodents and insect pests. The stores should be cleaned, dried, well-fumigated, etc., before storing grains. ⢠Harvesting Among steps of farming practices, harvesting needs significant care otherwise it will result in yield reduction. When the crop reaches maturity, the cutting starts, and the produce will be stored in a dry place. This process is known as harvesting. After harvesting, manual or mechanical thrashing is done to separate grains from the plants.
Animal Cells Animal cells contain many organelles, which are subunits within the cell that perform specialized functions. The organelles may be membrane-bound (enclosed within a lipid bilayer) or non-membrane bound (free in the cytoplasm). Here is a list of animal cell components and organelles and their functions: ⢠Cell Membrane: The cell membrane or plasma membrane is a selectively permeable lipid bilayer that encloses the contents of the cell and regulates the transport of materials into and out of it. ⢠Cytoplasm: The cytoplasm is the jelly-like fluid that gives a cell is shape and contains the molecules the cell needs for its processes. ⢠Cytoskeleton: The cytoskeleton is a network of protein fibers that provides structural support, maintains cell shape, and enables cell movement. It is composed of three main types of protein filaments: microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. ⢠Nucleus: The nucleus is the control center of the cell, containing DNA and regulating gene expression. It is surrounded by a double-layered nuclear envelope or nuclear membrane that has nuclear pores that allow the exchange of materials between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Nucleolus: Located within the nucleus, the nucleolus is the site of pre-ribosome production. ⢠Mitochondria: Often referred to as the āpowerhouseā of the cell, mitochondria are responsible for generating energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through cellular respiration. ⢠Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): The ER is a network of membrane-bound tubes and sacs involved in the synthesis, folding, and transport of proteins and lipids. There are two types of ER: the rough ER, which is studded with ribosomes and involved in protein synthesis, and the smooth ER, which is responsible for lipid synthesis and detoxification. ⢠Ribosomes: These small structures, composed of RNA and proteins, are the sites of protein synthesis within the cell. They can be found either free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough ER. ⢠Golgi Apparatus: The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for transport to their final destinations within or outside the cell. ⢠Lysosomes: Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles containing enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris, playing a crucial role in the recycling of cellular components. ⢠Peroxisomes: These small organelles contain enzymes that neutralize toxic substances and break down fatty acids, contributing to cellular detoxification and energy production. ⢠Centrosome: The centrosome is an organelle found in animal cells but not plant cells. It is a small organelle near the nucleus with radiating tubules. The centrosome produces and organizes microtubules and regulates cell division so that the cell contents equally divide between daughter cells.