How does the skin of the scalp differ from other skin?

The layer of skin that is seen and treated by the cosmetologist is the _____.

The skin layer in which the shedding of skin cells first begins is the stratum _____.

What is the name of the special cell in the stratum germinativum, responsible for producing dark skin pigment?

The muscle that causes goose bumps when a person is frightened or cold is the _____.

_____ helps protect sensitive cells from UV rays.

The fibrous protein that gives skin its flexibility and helps skin regain its shape after being expanded is :

Oil glands that are connected to hair follicles are also called _____.

When sebum hardens and the sebaceous duct becomes clogged, the pore impaction that is formed is a _____.

A _____ forms from a papule when dead white blood cells accumulate in it.

Cracks in the skin that penetrate the dermis layer, such as chapped hands or lips, are

A hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum forms a _____.

The two types of contact dermatitis are _____.

The oxidation of haircolor is an example of a _____.

Being “capable of combining with or attracting water (water-loving)” is defined as _____.

A solution with a pH value of seven indicates a(n) _____ solution.

Which type of line is used to create width in the hair, extending in the same direction while maintaining a constant distance apart?

The type of line used to create length and height in hair design while making the hair style appear longer and narrower is a(n) _____.

_____ lines are positioned between horizontal and vertical lines and are often used to emphasize or minimize facial features.

What lines are curved and used to blend and soften horizontal or vertical lines?

Use a _____ to draw a line in a hairstyle in the direction you want the eye to travel.

To measure symmetry, you should divide the face into _____ parts.

What hair design is created when the two halves of a hairstyle have equal visual weight, but are positioned unevenly?

A client’s facial shape is determined by the position and prominence of the

The best styling choice for a client with a round facial type would be one with _____.

Lighter highlights may be used at the temples on a client with a narrow forehead to create the illusion of _____.

The _____ is the highest point on the top of the head, and can be located easily by placing a comb on top of the head and noticing that the comb is resting on the highest point.

The three types of straight lines in haircutting include horizontal, vertical, and _____ lines.

_____, also known as projection or lifting, is the degree at which a subsection of hair is held from the head when cutting.

What technique should be used to create a length increase in the design of graduated and layered haircuts?

_____ reduces strain on the index finger and thumb while cutting the hair.

A(n) _____ is a basic haircut, cut at a 90-degree elevation and then overdirected to maintain length and weight at the perimeter.

_____ should not be used on curly hair because it weakens the cuticle and causes the hair to frizz.

Effilating, also known as _____, is the process of thinning the hair to graduated lengths with shears.

Which layer of hair is the innermost layer of the hair, and often called the pith or core of the hair?

The range of numbers used in the pH scale is _____.

What are long, coiled polypeptide chains linked together end-to-end like beads?

The _____ of the permanent waving solution is determined primarily by the concentration of the reducing agent, or thio.

Most acid waves used in salons have a pH value between _____.

It is important for stylists to remember that ammonia-free does not necessarily mean _____.

What waving solutions use an ingredient other than ATG, such as cysteamine or mercaptamine, as the primary reducing agent?

The _____ is a perm wrap in which one end paper is placed under and another is placed over the strand of hair being wrapped, providing the most control over the hair ends.

Which relaxer contains only one component and is used without mixing?

Sodium hydroxide relaxers are commonly called _____.

During a relaxer strand test, hair that is pressed to the scalp and continues to curl is _____.

Which conditioner contains an acidic pH that restores the hair’s natural pH and should be used after a hydroxide relaxer?

Fine hair takes color faster and can look darker because the melanin granules are grouped _____.

The hair type with a large diameter that can take longer to process hair color is _____.

What type of melanin gives blond and red colors to the hair?

Contributing pigment, also known as _____, is the varying degrees of warmth exposed during a permanent color or lightening process.

_____ is described as a property of objects that depends on the light they reflect and is perceived (by the human eye) as red, yellow, blue, or other shades.

Tones can be described as cool, warm, or _____.

_______________ tones absorb more light, therefore they look deeper than their actual level.

Demipermanent colors are also known as _____.

_____ haircolors, also known as vegetable haircolors, such as henna, are colors obtained from the leaves or bark of plants.

_____ is the most commonly used developer, and an oxidizing agent that, when mixed with an oxidation haircolor, supplies the necessary oxygen gas to develop the color molecules and create a change in natural hair color.

The standard volume of hydrogen peroxide used to achieve most results with permanent haircolor is _____.

The process in which the hair is pre-lightened and then toned is known as _____.

During the process of decolorizing, natural hair can go through as many as _____.

Decolorizing the hair’s natural pigment allows the colorist to create the exact degree of _____.

When is the most critical part of a color service?

Before performing a coloring service with an aniline derivative product, the client must have a(n) _____.

Examples of single-process permanent coloring applications are virgin color applications and _____.

What is a non-ammonia color that adds shine and tone to the hair?

Overlapping haircolor on previously tinted hair can cause breakage and create a visible line of _____.

Powdered off-the-scalp lighteners contain persulfate salts for _____ and stronger lightening.

The part of the hair shaft between the scalp and the hair that has been previously colored is known as

A patch test is generally conducted behind the ear or _____.

Salon techniques are considered _____ methods of hair removal.

Some examples of temporary hair removal methods, commonly offered in salons, include shaving, tweezing, depilation, epilation, threading, and _____.

What thick epilator does not require the use of fabric strips for removal?

When wax is ready to use, it should have the consistency of _____ and never be too runny to avoid burning the client.

Prior to application, the temperature of the heated wax should be tested on _____.

In what direction should fabric strips be removed?

When using hard wax to remove hair from the lip, what is the alternative application direction for the warmed wax?

An important part of a facial treatment that determines skin type, condition, and the recommended treatment is the _____.

Any important observations or contraindications should be recorded _____ in the client’s record card.

Completed client intake forms and service record cards may contain _____ information about the client and must be kept in a secured room or cabinet.

_____ is determined by how oily or dry the skin is.

The amount of sebum produced by the sebaceous glands determines the size of the _____.

Obvious pores on the surface of the skin indicate _____.

Pimples that have a pus head are called _____.

Products that are designed to rebalance the pH and remove remnants of cleanser from the skin are known as _____.

What are concentrated treatment products often composed of mineral clays, moisturizing agents, skin softeners, aromatherapy oils, botanical extracts, and other beneficial ingredients to cleanse, exfoliate, tighten, tone, hydrate, and nourish the skin?

Oil-absorbing masks that have an exfoliating and astringent effect, making large pores appear smaller, are

Masks containing _____ and other beneficial ingredients are melted at a little more than body temperature before application and applied over treatment creams to allow the cream’s ingredients to penetrate more deeply into the surface layers of the skin.

What thin, open-meshed cotton fabric is used to hold mask products on the face?

What kneading movement is performed by lifting, squeezing, and pressing tissue with light, firm pressure?

The process of using galvanic current to enable water-soluble products that contain ions to penetrate the skin is ____.

Liquid and cream forms of foundation are a mixture of water and oil with coloring agents called _____.

Which products are thick, heavy foundations that are used to hide dark circles, splotches, and other imperfections?

Eyeliner _____ consist of a wax (paraffin) or hardened oil base (petrolatum) with a variety of additives to create color.

_____ is a heavy makeup primarily used for theatrical purposes because it does not shift during performances.

Makeup brushes can be cleaned with a brush solvent or _____.

_____ colors encompass blues, greens, violets, and blue-reds.

A jaw that is wider than the forehead characterizes the _____.

In an expert makeup application, there should not be a _____ revealing where the foundation begins and ends.

When applied to the lids, eye color or shadow makes the eyes appear _____ and more expressive.

Eye shadow that is lighter than the client’s skin tone is considered a _____.

_____ are separate artificial eyelashes that are applied to the base of the eyelashes one at a time.