
Culture, behaviour and cognition
Quiz by Женя Конорова
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- Q1What does an etic approach to studying culture focus on?Finding universal behaviors across cultures.Understanding behavior from within a culture.Focusing solely on individual experiences.Creating culturally specific experiments60s
- Q2Which of the following is a strength of etic research?Deep understanding of local contexts.High level of cultural specificity.Increased reliability through standardized procedures.Development of new, localized tests.60s
- Q3In contrast to etic approaches, what does an emic approach emphasize?Applying global standards to local behavior.Using tests developed in the researchers' culture.Understanding behavior from within the cultural context.Establishing universal laws of behavior.60s
- Q4What is a characteristic of individualistic cultures according to Hofstede?Greater focus on interdependence among members.Emphasis on group goals over individual goals.Importance of social harmonyIndependence is valued more60s
- Q5
What was the main finding of Berry’s (1967) conformity study?
Temne people conformed more to the group answer given that their culture is more collectivistic
There was not much difference between Temne and Inuit participants
Temne people were found to be collectivistic culture as this is a farming culture
Inuit participants showed the highest conformity rates.
60s - Q6
What is the 'ecological fallacy,' as described by Hofstede?
Thinking that principles from western cultures can apply to other cultures
Thinking that all studies on culture have high ecological validity
Thinking that cultural dimensions can predict all individual behaviors in a culture
60s - Q7
What is a key limitation of Hofstede’s research on cultural dimensions?
The research mainly focuses on attitudes in a workplace (in an organization).
It does not use empirical data.
The results vary significantly across cultures
60s - Q8How does culture influence memory processes?Memory is solely based on genetic predisposition.Different cultures utilize distinct strategies for remembering.All cultures use the similar memory techniques.60s
- Q9
What was the aim of Kearins’ (1981) study on Aboriginal and white Australian children?
To examine cultural differences in spatial memory abilities.
To test the impact of language on spatial memory.
To assess the effect of schooling on spatial cognition.
60s - Q10What did Kearins' research reveal about spatial memory among indigenous children?They relied heavily on technology for spatial navigation.They had superior spatial memory due to their lifestyle.They had lower spatial memory compared to urban children.There were no differences in memory skills observed.60s
- Q11
According to the passage, what is a defining feature of flashbulb memories (FBMs)?
They are memories of the event itself.
They are highly detailed but do not involve emotions.
They are vivid memories of the circumstances when one learned about the event.
They occur only for negative personal events.
60s - Q12
How did Kulkofsky et al. (2011) explain cultural differences in flashbulb memory formation?
Individualistic cultures discourage the sharing of emotional events.
Individualistic cultures fail to form flashbulb memories.
Collectivist cultures emphasize emotional reactions more
Collectivist cultures discourage overt emotional expression and rehearsal.
60s - Q13
What strategy did Cole and Scribner (1974) use to ensure their study was culturally relevant?
They had the same list of words for all the participants
They used emic approach, first observed the local people and then adjsuted their list of words
They only had participants from bigger cities
60s