data mining

The procedure starts with the full set of attributes?

Calculate value Min-max normalization. Let income range $10,000 to $80,000 normalized to [0.0, 1.0]. a value of $75,500 for income is transformed to

a large data set to be represented by a much smaller random data sample

…………………..the data are replaced by alternative, smaller representations using parametric models or nonparametric models .

………………..Fill in missing values, smooth noisy data, identify or remove outliers, and resolve inconsistencies

smooth by fitting the data into regression functions

Covariance is similar to correlation: : If CovA,B > 0, then A and B both tend to be larger than their expected values.

Combines data from multiple sources into a coherent storeمخزن متجانس

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