Question 1

What is the importance of understanding data structures in computer science?

Accepted Answer

Designing efficient algorithms and solving complex problems

Answer

Ignoring data organization

Answer

Avoiding data manipulation

Answer

Creating slow programs

Question 2

Which data structure follows the First In First Out (FIFO) principle?

Accepted Answer

Queue

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Stack

Answer

Array

Question 3

What is the purpose of data structures in computer science?

Accepted Answer

To efficiently organize, store, and retrieve data

Answer

To confuse programmers

Answer

To slow down data processing

Answer

To complicate programming tasks

Question 4

Which data structure allows for dynamic memory allocation?

Accepted Answer

Linked list

Answer

Stack

Answer

Array

Answer

Queue

Question 5

How are arrays indexed?

Accepted Answer

Starting from 0

Answer

Starting from 1

Answer

Starting from 10

Answer

Starting from -1

Question 6

In a linked list, what does the last node point to?

Accepted Answer

null pointer

Answer

The largest node

Answer

The first node

Answer

A random node

Question 7

What principle does a stack follow?

Accepted Answer

Last In First Out (LIFO)

Answer

Random order

Answer

No specific order

Answer

First In First Out (FIFO)

Question 8

How can elements be accessed in an array?

Accepted Answer

By their position in the array

Answer

By a random index

Answer

By their size

Answer

By their value

Question 9

What is a linked list composed of?

Accepted Answer

Nodes connected in a linear sequence

Answer

Elements stored in contiguous memory locations

Answer

Elements with no connections

Answer

Randomly scattered elements

Question 10

What is a stack's operation for adding elements?

Accepted Answer

Push

Answer

Pop

Answer

Enqueue

Answer

Dequeue

Question 11

How does a hash table determine where to store a record?

Accepted Answer

By generating a hash value from the key

Answer

By using the key directly as an index

Answer

By assigning a random index

Answer

By sorting the records alphabetically

Question 12

What is the primary function of a hash table?

Accepted Answer

To store and retrieve data quickly

Answer

To generate random values

Answer

To delete all records

Answer

To alphabetize data

Question 13

What does the hash value represent in a hash table?

Accepted Answer

The index where the record should be stored

Answer

The data stored in the table

Answer

The total number of records in the table

Answer

The key associated with the data

Question 14

What does a dictionary as an abstract data type map?

Accepted Answer

Keys to data

Answer

Indexes to data

Answer

Hash values to keys

Answer

Data to keys

Question 15

Why is a dictionary data structure compared to a real-life dictionary?

Accepted Answer

For its key-value pair structure

Answer

To limit the number of entries

Answer

Because it contains only words

Answer

Due to its alphabetical sorting

Question 16

What are the three variations of a tree traversal algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Pre-order, In-order, Post-order

Answer

Top-down, Bottom-up, Left-right

Answer

Sequential, Random, Circular

Answer

Ascending, Descending, Random

Question 17

Which traversal method outputs the data in alphabetic order for a binary search tree?

Accepted Answer

In-order traversal

Answer

Random traversal

Answer

Pre-order traversal

Answer

Post-order traversal

Question 18

Which traversal method is known as a bottom-up traversal?

Accepted Answer

Post-order traversal

Answer

In-order traversal

Answer

Pre-order traversal

Answer

Random traversal

Question 19

In which traversal method is the root visited last?

Accepted Answer

Post-order traversal

Answer

Random traversal

Answer

Pre-order traversal

Answer

In-order traversal

Question 20

What connects vertices in a graph?

Accepted Answer

Edges or arcs

Answer

Roots

Answer

Branches

Answer

Leaves

Question 21

How are dense graphs characterized?

Accepted Answer

Having more edges than vertices

Answer

Having fewer edges than vertices

Answer

Having a fixed number of edges

Answer

Having no edges

Question 22

What can edges in a graph have associated with them?

Accepted Answer

Weights or costs

Answer

Colors

Answer

Shapes

Answer

Sizes

Question 23

What distinguishes depth-first search from breadth-first search approaches?

Accepted Answer

Depth-first goes deeper into the graph, while breadth-first explores widely

Answer

Depth-first is faster than breadth-first

Answer

Depth-first always starts at the leaf nodes

Answer

Breadth-first is used for directed graphs only

Question 24

What is the main strategy used in depth-first search to explore a graph?

Accepted Answer

Following branches as far as possible before backtracking

Answer

Scanning all nodes connected to the root node

Answer

Moving to the next level after scanning the root node

Answer

Randomly selecting nodes to explore

Question 25

What are the two approaches to searching a graph?

Accepted Answer

Depth-first and breadth-first

Answer

Forward and backward

Answer

Top-down and bottom-up

Answer

Left-right and right-left

Question 26

Which data structure is typically used in depth-first search?

Accepted Answer

Stack

Answer

Array

Answer

List

Answer

Queue

Question 27

Which data structure is commonly used in breadth-first search?

Accepted Answer

Queue

Answer

Stack

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Binary tree

Question 28

What is the primary purpose of marking nodes as 'visited' during graph traversal?

Accepted Answer

To ensure each node is only visited once

Answer

To delete those nodes from the graph

Answer

To skip those nodes in the traversal process

Answer

To prioritize those nodes for exploration

Question 29

What is an adjacency list used for in graph representation?

Accepted Answer

To list all adjacent vertices or connected nodes

Answer

To determine the shape of the graph

Answer

To color code the edges

Answer

To calculate distances between vertices

Question 30

What is a disadvantage of using an adjacency matrix for sparse graphs?

Accepted Answer

It results in a lot of empty space for sparse graphs

Answer

It is quick to work with

Answer

It is suitable for all types of graphs

Answer

It is easy to visualize

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