Why is it important for patients to stay hydrated before surgery?

To maintain normal bodily functions and prevent dehydration

To reduce the need for postoperative pain medication

To speed up the healing process

To increase blood pressure during surgery

What is a common recommendation for fluid intake immediately following surgery?

Avoid fluids to reduce bathroom visits

Diet in surgery | Quizalize

Planning the paragraph about diet in the Stone Age

Writing the paragraph about diet in the Stone Age

Work and diet in Norman England

Life Processes Identify and define the seven life processes (MRS GREN). Classification Group living organisms based on observed similarities and differences. Classify vertebrates into taxonomic groups based on visible physical characteristics. Construct a dichotomous key to classify vertebrates. Cells Compare the structure of generalised plant and animal cells, and selected microbes (e.g. bacteria, fungi and Amoeba) Distinguish among cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, temporary and permanent vacuoles, mitochondrion, chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes. Relate the structure of organelles to their functions; Identify specialised cells such as blood cells, ciliated epithelial cells, nerve cells, root hair cells, sperm cells and egg cells. Explain the importance of cell specialisation in multicellular organisms; include hierarchy of cells, tissues, organs; organ systems and then organism Diffusion, Osmosis, Active transport and Osmoregulation Explain the processes of diffusion, osmosis and active transport. Identify everyday instances of these processes occurring. Discuss the importance of diffusion, osmosis and active transport in living systems. Nutrition in Plants Describe the process of photosynthesis in green plants; test for end products, starch or reducing sugar (glucose). Relate the structure of the leaf of a flowering plant to its function in photosynthesis; draw and label the external features and the internal structure (cross section) of a leaf as seen in cross section under the light microscope. Nutrition in Humans Discuss the importance of a balanced diet in humans. State components of a balanced diet (carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals, water and roughage and their roles) along with the results of their deficiency or surplus. Suggest dietary recommendations for treating and preventing named deficiency and physiological diseases (such as those outlined in the manual and your notes). Perform tests to distinguish among food substances - Test for proteins (Biuret), fats (grease spot), starch (iodine), reducing sugars (Benedict’s solution). The Digestive System in Humans Relate the structures of the human alimentary canal to their functions; Draw and label simple diagrams of the alimentary canal and internal structure of a tooth required. Describe mastication and the role of teeth in the mechanical breakdown of food to be included. (Compare types of teeth in humans and compare types of teeth in herbivores and carnivores.) Explain the role and importance of enzymes role of digestive enzymes in the mouth, stomach and pancreatic enzymes in the small intestine. Discuss properties of enzymes. Deduce from tables and graphs the effects of temperature and pH on enzyme activity. Experimental Skills Follow all drawing rules as outlined in the drawing skills checklist posted in the classroom (including calculation of magnification).

A field is a vast land where crops are grown. • Field crops are crops that are grown in a vast land. • Examples of field crops are: ✓Maize ✓Cotton ✓Groundnuts ✓Roundnuts ✓Wheat ✓Sunflower ✓Tobacco ✓Sugar cane ✓Tea ✓Coffee ✓Soya beans ✓sorghum THE VALUE OF FIELD CROPS a) Source of food: •In Zimbabwe most field crops are grown for food. •Cereal crops such as wheat, maize, rice, sorghum and millet are crops mostly grown for food. •They are the staple food in the diet of many people. •These crops provide our bodies with food that is rich in energy. • There are other field crops which provide our bodies with proteins. • Examples of crops that give us proteins are cowpeas, beans, groundnuts and soyabeans b) Source of income: •Most field crops are produced for the local markets in Zimbabwe. • Farmers grow crops such as maize, sunflowers, soyabeans and many others to sell locally to obtain income. • Cotton and tobacco are field crops that can be sold to other countries to get foreign currency. c) Raw materials: • Some crops are grown to give raw materials to the manufacturing industry. For example wheat for the milling and cotton for the clothing industry.

Based on the text "Eating colours every day," here is a set of multiple-choice questions using "Wh-" question words (Who, What, Where, When, Why) to test comprehension: Comprehension Quiz: Eating Colours 1. What does the phrase "eating colours" actually mean? A) Eating food with artificial food coloring. B) Choosing a variety of colorful fruits and vegetables. C) Painting your food before you eat it. D) Only eating your favorite color of food. 2. Why should we eat different colours every day? A) To make the plate look pretty for photos. B) Because colorful food tastes sweeter. C) To get different vitamins and minerals that help us stay healthy. D) Because it is easier to cook colorful food. 3. When can you try to include many colours in your diet? A) Only on the weekends. B) Once a month. C) Only for dinner. D) Throughout the day in all your meals. 4. What is a specific benefit mentioned for our bodies when we eat these foods? A) They help us run faster than a car. B) They help our bodies grow, stay strong, and fight illness. C) They change our eye color. D) They help us sleep for 12 hours. 5. Which of these is an example of a "purple" food mentioned for dessert? A) Red peppers B) Dates C) Purple grapes D) Carrot soup 6. What "Wh-" category does the carrot soup fall into for the suggested daily menu? A) What you eat for breakfast. B) What you eat for lunch. C) What you eat for dessert. D) What you eat for a midnight snack.

Create a vocabulary quiz in CEFR b1 level in which students need to match a word to its synonym. use the words: age(n), dislike (v), misunderstand, show up, all of a sudden, dramatic, mix up (v), sidewalk, all on (your) own, either way, modest, significant, all over the place, extraordinary mystery similarity behind findings nevertheless sound angry bell fit (adj) not believe (your) ear special offer blow up (v) focus (n) on a diet split up (v) bold get away with on the one hand, ... strangely enough bring up give up on the other hand sum up burst into tear go out personality take a risk calculate grown-up (n) put up with tie up check out (v ) hold up (v) reason (n) tip (n) collector hurry up reassure obon to start with come first identical recycle uncomfortable deb immoral refund (n) undressed deranding (ad) in actual fact relationship unemployed determine issue (n ) remain calm unexpected development knowledge research (n) unknown disagreement lively rob (v)miabo1 unpack discovery log on, rub out weakness, dishonest, make sense ,salary ,wear out

Animal Rights and Diet Success Criteria I can explain key terms which describe the type of diets people have I can explain the advantages and disadvantages of different types of diet Animal Rights and Diet Match up the terms with the meaning Term Meaning Omnivore - eats fish but no other type of meat Vegetarian - eats most types of meat and vegetables Pescetarian - doesn’t eat any products that come from animals Vegan - doesn’t eat meat but will eat dairy products like milk Place the different diets on a spectrum All meat No animal products at all Vegetarian Vegan Omnivore Pescetarian Omnivore Omnivore Most people in the UK are omnivores Match the countries with the amount of meat eaten per person per year Country Meat per person per year India 9.9 kg USA 4.4 kg Bangladesh 120 kg UK 111.5kg Nepal 84.2 kg Australia 4 kg Numeracy How much meat is consumed in the UK per year? (Amount of meat eaten X the UK population) 2. How much meat is consumed in Bangladesh per year? (Amount of meat eaten X the Bangladesh population) Country Meat per person per year USA 120 kg Australia 111.5kg UK 84.2 kg Nepal 9.9 kg India 4.4 kg Bangladesh 4 kg UK – 64 million Bangladesh – 165 million http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/maps-and-graphics/world-according-to-meat-consumption/ 7 Why do people eat meat? Discuss Tradition (their family has always done it) Culture (celebrations) Taste Convenience Nutrients such as B12, protein and iron Consumption of meat is rising across developing countries because higher incomes generally mean more meat eating. Pescetarian "Yeah, I'm a vegetarian." "But that looks like fish you're eating." "Oh yeah, I eat fish.“ An estimated 5% - 6% of people in the UK are pescetarians. How many people is this? Approx. 3.6 million Calculation – 66,000,000 /100 x 5.5 = 3,630,000 9 Which group is cuter? Animals Fish 10 People often don’t feel as much love for fish as they do for fluffy, cute mammals. The may think fish don’t feel pain. They may be fussy. They think fish isn’t meat. Not farmed as much as mammals; can be wild. To get nutrients they wouldn’t get from just vegetables and grains. (Omega 3 is in plants but in higher concentrations in oily fish) Why are people pescetarians? https://www.vegsoc.org/sslpage.aspx?pid=753 http://articles.mercola.com/omega-3.aspx Fish – In a perfect world, fish can provide you all the omega-3s you need. Unfortunately, the vast majority of the fish supply is now heavily tainted with industrial toxins and pollutants, such as heavy metals which include mercury, lead, arsenic, and cadmium, PCBs, and radioactive poisons. These toxins make eating fish no longer recommended. 11 Vegetarianism Vegetarians will not eat any meat or product that comes from the slaughter of animals e.g. gelatine. About 3% of the UK population are vegetarian. How many people is this? 1.9 million 12 Why are people vegetarian? They don’t like the idea that animals are killed so they can eat Health reasons Don’t like meat Brought up vegetarian Environmental reasons Religious reasons (e.g. some Buddhist, Hindus) Watch the following clip twice. The second time, write down the fact which surprises you the most. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VW6wfpHFdaI The World Health Organization has classified processed meats – including ham, salami, sausages and hot dogs – as a Group 1 carcinogen (same as smoking/alcohol) which means that there is strong evidence that processed meats cause cancer. Red meat, such as beef, lamb and pork has been classified as a 'probable' cause of cancer. 13 Veganism Not just a diet Around 1% of the population of UK are vegans. A vegan is described by the Vegan Society as “a philosophy and way of living which seeks to exclude—as far as is possible and practicable—all forms of exploitation of, and cruelty to, animals for food, clothing or any other purpose; and by extension, promotes the development and use of animal-free alternatives for the benefit of humans, animals and the environment. In dietary terms it denotes the practice of dispensing with all products derived wholly or partly from animals” Why are people vegan? Why are people vegan? James Aspey: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a22XxXP3nU8 Warning: some of the content in this video clip may upset some viewers from 7:14 – 8:11 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BtqXeym7H8A Why are people vegan? “Don’t want bad karma” Feel healthier Reduce chances of diseases. Example heart disease. Don’t want to exploit animals Believe in animal rights Sustainability Environment Create a Table of Pros & Cons of Veganism Pros √ Cons - Create a Table of Pros & Cons of Veganism Pros Cons No animals have died for you to eat Some people think it is healthier Help the environment Fewer antibiotics/chemicals that are given to some animals Makes you feel good No vitamin B12 so have to supplement Harder to find food at shops or restaurants May be harder to get enough iron May be more expensive to get substitute meats Judged by family and friends Could put farmers out of business Group Work Source 1 Summarise it in your jotter Explain what the source is/what it says What does it suggest? What is your opinion? Feedback to rest of class https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SYyjel5VuHg Farmer’s Poem

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