The process in which somatic cells (body cells) go through to make more cells

The stage where the cell grows and replicates DNA before mitosis

Like chromosomes pair up during this stage of mitosis/meiosis

The stage in mitosis or meiosis in which the duplicated chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell

The stage of mitosis or meiosis where the spindle fibers pull apart the chromosomes

The last official phase of mitosis/meiosis where the cells prepare to split into daughter cells.

The cytoplasm splits and two new cells with a full set of DNA are formed *not considered a part of mitosis*

The "tow ropes" that pull the chromosomes apart during anaphase

producing two identical copies of DNA from one original DNA molecule.

The shape of DNA

The monomer of DNA. Has a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base.

Containing HALF the number of chromosomes as a regular body cell.

Containing a full set of chromosomes (humans = 46)

occurs when a DNA gene is damaged or changed in such a way as to alter the genetic message carried by that gene.

Process where a cell goes through PMAT twice, producing 4 different haploid cells. Makes sperm and egg.

Another term for egg or sperm

what must be fertilized by sperm in sexually reproducing organisms

The male gamete

Another word for body cells

Another word for brain cell.

Chromosomes pair up together and exchange genetic material during meiosis.

A pair of matching chromosomes with the same genes in an organism

DNA is tightly coiled into this. You get half of these from your mom and the other half from dad.

This is the genetic information that is obtained from parents. It also codes for proteins.

This nitrogenous base pairs up with Thymine in DNA

This nitrogenous base pairs up with Adenine in DNA

This nitrogenous base pairs up with Cytosine in DNA

This nitrogenous base pairs up with Guanine in DNA

The weak bonds that hold the nitrogenous bases (A, T, C, G) together in a DNA strand.

Fertilized egg

the process that makes proteins at the ribosome

contains the anti-codon and carries the amino acid to ribosome

single-stranded molecule made from DNA and used to make proteins.

Group of 3 mRNA nitrogenous bases

this nitrogenous base is found in RNA, not in DNA.

where DNA is located in eukaryotic cells

mRNA is taken to this organelle to make proteins

opposite nitrogenous bases as mRNA- helps tRNA know where to put amino acid.

mRNA is made from DNA in the nucleus. 1st part of protein synthesis.

mRNA is used to make proteins at the ribosome. 2nd part of protein synthesis.

the monomer of proteins. These link together to make a protein.

the reference students use to find the amino acid that codes for mRNA codons.

the amino acid that is also the START codon

total number of amino acids