DNA Structure & Replication

the process of making identical copies of DNA before cell division

Each half of an original DNA molecule serves as a templete for a new strand, and the two new DNA molecules each have one old and one new strand.

An enzyme that unwinds the double helix of DNA and separates the DNA strands in preparation for DNA replication.

Enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule

the strand of DNA that is continuously synthesized into the replication fork.

The strand that is synthesized away from the replication fork , in fragments using sections called Okazaki fragments.

Small fragments of DNA produced on the lagging strand during DNA replication, joined later by DNA ligase to form a complete strand.

enzyme which connects the individual okazaki fragments on the lagging strand by forming covalent bonds

5' to 3' direction; In DNA synthesis, DNA strands always elongate in a 5' to 3' direction.

The form of DNA, referring to its two strands wound into a spiral shape.

An enzyme that creates a short RNA primer for initiation of DNA replication.

A molecule that consists of nucleotide monomers used for transmitting genetic information from one generation to the next

Macromolecules that includes DNA and RNA.

A subunit of nucleic acids formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

A nitrogen base found in DNA and RNA. It pairs with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA