Electrical Properties of the Neuron
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22 questions
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- Q1A membrane potential across the membrane of a neuron is possible because ofThe hydrophilic core of the membraneA balance between a concentration gradient and electrical gradientThe hydrophobic outer regions of the membraneEqual concentrations of ions on each side of the cell membrane30s
- Q2The amount of electrical force needed to balance the diffusion force isThe concentration gradientDescribed by the Goldman Hodgkin Katz equationThe equilibrium potentialThe diffusion potential30s
- Q3For most neurons, which ion does NOT contribute to the resting membrane potential?SodiumCalciumPotassiumMagnesium30s
- Q4Which of the following is true of the resting membrane potential?Changing the permeability of the membrane to particular ions does not change the membrane potentialThe resting membrane potential lies close to the equilibrium potential for sodiumAt rest, there is a relatively low permeability for potassium in neuronsPotassium is the primary ion determining the resting membrane potential30s
- Q5What types of ion channels are found in the membranes of neurons?All of the aboveLigand-gated channelsPassive channelsVoltage-gated channels30s
- Q6Graded potentials that are depolarizing postsynaptic potentials areIPSPsInhibitory in natureCaused by the opening of potassium or chloride channelsEPSPs30s
- Q7Graded potentials usually travel the entire length of long axonsFALSETRUE30s
- Q8Which of the following is true regarding spatial summation of postsynaptic potentials?Allows for EPSPs or IPSPs to be combined to produce a greater depolarization or hyperpolarizationThe convergence of a depolarizing and hyperpolarizing graded potential can double the effectIt occurs at a single synapseRelies on the frequency of incoming action potentials30s
- Q9The primary source of depolarization in an action potential is provided byVoltage gated potassium channelsNa+/K+ ATPase pumpPassive leakage potassium channelsVoltage gated sodium channels30s
- Q10Which of the following is NOT true regarding refractory periods?They are created because voltage gated sodium channels are still openThey help to insure that action potentials are primarily unidirectionalA second stimulus can generate another action potential during the relative refractory period, if the stimulus is large enoughThey allow a signal to be antidromic if stimulated in the middle of an axon30s
- Q11The resting membrane potential of -70mV is kept by all of the following except which?Leak channelsModality gated channelsNa+/K+ pumpHigh concentrations of anions inside the cell30s
- Q12Binding of neurotransmitters to receptors on a postsynaptic cell opens ligand-gated ion channels, locally changing the resting membrane potential of the cell and always resulting in depolarization of the postsynaptic cell.FALSETRUE30s
- Q13Synaptic vesicles are found in which of the following types of axonal transport?SlowQuickIntermediateFast30s
- Q14Astrocytes can perform all of the following functions except which?Scavenge K+ in the extracellular environmentRegulates ionic environment around neuronsPhagocytize deadHelp form blood brain barrier30s
- Q15In sensory neurons the region closest to the receptor with a high density of Na+ channels is called what?Refractory periodAxon hillockReceptor zoneEnd zone30s