Question 1

What is an economy?

Accepted Answer

The process or system by which goods and services are produced, sold, and bought in a country or region

Answer

a joining of several groups for a common purpose

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a system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central (national) government and several regional (state) governments

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a centralized government in which all government powers belong to a single, central agency

Question 2

Describe the following economic systems:  Traditional economy

Accepted Answer

Economy using various means of social support

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A philosophy based on an idea that the benefits of economic activity should be fairly distributed

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Economic system in which decisions on production and consumption of goods and services are based on voluntary exchange of markets.

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An ideology which calls for the collective, or state, ownership of land and other productive property

Question 3

Describe the following economic systems:  Capitalist (market economy)

Accepted Answer

Economic system in which decisions on production and consumption of goods and services are based on voluntary exchange of markets

Answer

Economy using various means of social support

Answer

An ideology which calls for the collective, or state, ownership of land and other productive property

Answer

A philosophy based on an idea that the benefits of economic activity should be fairly distributed

Question 4

Describe the following economic systems:  Communism

Accepted Answer

An ideology which calls for the collective, or state, ownership of land and other productive property

Answer

Economic system in which decisions on production and consumption of goods and services are based on voluntary exchange of markets

Answer

Economy using various means of social support

Answer

A philosophy based on an idea that the benefits of economic activity should be fairly distributed

Question 5

Describe the following economic systems:  Socialism

Accepted Answer

A philosophy based on an idea that the benefits of economic activity should be fairly distributed

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A theory which suggests that government should play a very limited role in society

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An economy in which private enterprise exists in combination with a considerable amount of government regulation and promotion

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An ideology which calls for the collective, or state, ownership of land and other productive property

Question 6

Describe the following economic systems:  Mixed economy

Accepted Answer

An economy in which private enterprise exists in combination with a considerable amount of government regulation and promotion

Answer

An ideology which calls for the collective, or state, ownership of land and other productive property

Answer

Economic system in which decisions on production and consumption of goods and services are based on voluntary exchange of markets

Answer

A philosophy based on an idea that the benefits of economic activity should be fairly distributed

Question 7

What is laissez-faire government?

Accepted Answer

A theory which suggests that government should play a very limited role in society

Answer

An economy in which private enterprise exists in combination with a considerable amount of government regulation and promotion

Answer

An ideology which calls for the collective, or state, ownership of land and other productive property

Answer

A philosophy based on an idea that the benefits of economic activity should be fairly distributed

Question 8

Summarize the importance of the following documents:  Magna Carta

Accepted Answer

The Great Charter forced upon King John of England by his barons (barons gave the King the money he needed in exchange for the barons getting power!) in 1215; it established that the power of the monarchy was not absolute and guaranteed trial by jury and due process of law to the nobility

Answer

An 18th century European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society. The Five Concepts of their core beliefs were:  Reason, Nature, Happiness, Progress, and Liberty

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A theory which suggests that government should play a very limited role in society

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First attempt at organized government, in what would become the United States, by European settlers landing at Plymouth in 1620

Question 9

Summarize the importance of the following documents:  Mayflower Compact

Accepted Answer

First attempt at organized government, in what would become the United States, by European settlers landing at Plymouth in 1620

Answer

An 18th century European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society. The Five Concepts of their core beliefs were:  Reason, Nature, Happiness, Progress, and Liberty

Answer

A theory which suggests that government should play a very limited role in society

Answer

The Great Charter forced upon King John of England by his barons (barons gave the King the money he needed in exchange for the barons getting power!) in 1215; it established that the power of the monarchy was not absolute and guaranteed trial by jury and due process of law to the nobility

Question 10

What was the Enlightenment?

Accepted Answer

An 18th century European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society. The Five Concepts of their core beliefs were:  Reason, Nature, Happiness, Progress, and Liberty

Answer

All people are born free and equal, with three Natural Rights of Life, Liberty, and Property.  Locke said the purpose of government was to protect those rights

Answer

people will give up some rights to government in exchange for law and order

Answer

First attempt at organized government, in what would become the United States, by European settlers landing at Plymouth in 1620.

Question 11

Summarize the importance of the following Enlightenment thinkers:  Thomas Hobbes

Accepted Answer

Idea-Social Contract.  Hobbes suggested people will give up some rights to government in exchange for law and order

Answer

Idea-Natural Rights.  All people are born free and equal, with three Natural Rights of Life, Liberty, and Property.  Locke said the purpose of government was to protect those rights

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Idea-Separation of powers. Montesquieu proposed that separation of powers would keep any individual or group from gaining total control of the government. “Power should be a check to power.”

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Idea-Consent of the Governed & Individual Freedom.  Rousseau believed legitimate government came from the consent of the governed.

Question 12

Summarize the importance of the following Enlightenment thinkers:  John Locke

Accepted Answer

Idea-Natural Rights.  All people are born free and equal, with three Natural Rights of Life, Liberty, and Property.  Locke said the purpose of government was to protect those rights

Answer

Idea-Social Contract.  Hobbes suggested people will give up some rights to government in exchange for law and order

Answer

Idea-Consent of the Governed & Individual Freedom.  Rousseau believed legitimate government came from the consent of the governed.

Answer

Idea-Separation of powers. Montesquieu proposed that separation of powers would keep any individual or group from gaining total control of the government. “Power should be a check to power.”

Question 13

Summarize the importance of the following Enlightenment thinkers:  Baron de Montesquieu

Accepted Answer

Idea-Separation of powers. Montesquieu proposed that separation of powers would keep any individual or group from gaining total control of the government. “Power should be a check to power.”

Answer

Idea-Natural Rights.  All people are born free and equal, with three Natural Rights of Life, Liberty, and Property.  Locke said the purpose of government was to protect those rights

Answer

Idea-Consent of the Governed & Individual Freedom.  Rousseau believed legitimate government came from the consent of the governed

Answer

Idea-Social Contract.  Hobbes suggested people will give up some rights to government in exchange for law and order

Question 14

Summarize the importance of the following Enlightenment thinkers:  Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Accepted Answer

Idea-Consent of the Governed & Individual Freedom.  Rousseau believed legitimate government came from the consent of the governed

Answer

Idea-Social Contract.  Hobbes suggested people will give up some rights to government in exchange for law and order

Answer

Idea-Natural Rights.  All people are born free and equal, with three Natural Rights of Life, Liberty, and Property.  Locke said the purpose of government was to protect those rights

Answer

Idea-Separation of powers. Montesquieu proposed that separation of powers would keep any individual or group from gaining total control of the government. “Power should be a check to power.”

Question 15

What was the Declaration of Independence?  What key ideas are in it?

Accepted Answer

The formal declaration or announcement, proclaimed on July 4, 1776, by the congress of the United States of America, in the name and behalf of the people of the American colonies, asserting and proclaiming their independence from the British crown, claiming their right to political autonomy, and announcing themselves to the world as a free and independent nation

Answer

a series of protests in 1786 and 1787 by American farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt

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Called for a three branch government with a bi-cameral legislature. Representation based on population or financial support for central government

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1st plan of government adopted after the American Revolution. Created a “league of friendship” between the states. The Articles failed because they did not give important powers to the central government

Question 16

What were the Articles of Confederation?  Why did it fail?

Accepted Answer

1st plan of government adopted after the American Revolution. Created a “league of friendship” between the states. The Articles failed because they did not give important powers to the central government

Answer

Called for a three branch government with a bi-cameral legislature. Representation based on population or financial support for central government

Answer

A compromise between the large and small states, proposed by Connecticut, in which Congress would have two houses: a Senate with two legislators per state and a House of Representatives in which each state's representation would be based on population (also known as the Connecticut Compromise)

Answer

a series of protests in 1786 and 1787 by American farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt

Question 17

What was Shay’s rebellion, and how did it influence American Government?

Accepted Answer

Shays’ Rebellion is the name given to a series of protests in 1786 and 1787 by American farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt.  Shays’ Rebellion greatly alarmed politicians throughout the nation. Proponents of constitutional reform at the national level cited the rebellion as justification for revision or replacement of the Articles of Confederation, and Shays’ Rebellion figured prominently in the debates over the framing and ratification of the Constitution

Answer

The formal declaration or announcement, proclaimed on July 4, 1776, by the congress of the United States of America, in the name and behalf of the people of the American colonies, asserting and proclaiming their independence from the British crown, claiming their to political autonomy, and announcing themselves to the world as a free and independent nation

Answer

1st plan of government adopted after the American Revolution. Created a “league of friendship” between the states. The Articles failed because they did not give important powers to the central government

Answer

Called for a three branch government with a bi-cameral legislature. Representation based on population or financial support for central government

Question 18

Describe the following proposals from the Constitutional Convention:  The Virginia Plan

Accepted Answer

Called for a three branch government with a bi-cameral legislature. Representation based on population or financial support for central government

Answer

An agreement at the Constitutional Convention to count a slave as three-fifths of a person when determining the population of a State

Answer

Called for a unicameral legislature in which each state would be equally represented

Answer

A compromise between the large and small states, proposed by Connecticut, in which Congress would have two houses: a Senate with two legislators per state and a House of Representatives in which each state's representation would be based on population (also known as the Connecticut Compromise)

Question 19

Describe the following proposals from the Constitutional Convention:  The New Jersey Plan

Accepted Answer

Called for a unicameral legislature in which each state would be equally represented

Answer

Called for a three branch government with a bi-cameral legislature. Representation based on population or financial support for central government

Answer

An agreement at the Constitutional Convention to count a slave as three-fifths of a person when determining the population of a State

Answer

A compromise between the large and small states, proposed by Connecticut, in which Congress would have two houses: a Senate with two legislators per state and a House of Representatives in which each state's representation would be based on population (also known as the Connecticut Compromise)

Question 20

Describe the following proposals from the Constitutional Convention:  The Great Compromise

Accepted Answer

A compromise between the large and small states, proposed by Connecticut, in which Congress would have two houses: a Senate with two legislators per state and a House of Representatives in which each state's representation would be based on population (also known as the Connecticut Compromise)

Answer

Called for a unicameral legislature in which each state would be equally represented

Answer

Called for a three branch government with a bi-cameral legislature. Representation based on population or financial support for central government

Answer

An agreement at the Constitutional Convention to count a slave as three-fifths of a person when determining the population of a State

Question 21

Describe the following proposals from the Constitutional Convention:  The 3/5th's Compromise

Accepted Answer

An agreement at the Constitutional Convention to count a slave as three-fifths of a person when determining the population of a State

Answer

A compromise between the large and small states, proposed by Connecticut, in which Congress would have two houses: a Senate with two legislators per state and a House of Representatives in which each state's representation would be based on population (also known as the Connecticut Compromise)

Answer

Called for a unicameral legislature in which each state would be equally represented

Answer

Called for a three branch government with a bi-cameral legislature. Representation based on population or financial support for central government

Question 22

Who were the Federalists?

Accepted Answer

those persons who supported the ratification of the Constitution in 1787-88.  These Founders were for a strong central government

Answer

A system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central (national) government and several regional (state) governments

Answer

those persons who opposed the ratification of the Constitution.  These Founders were for strong States rights

Answer

A series of 85 articles written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay that sought to sway public opinion toward the Federalists' position for a strong national government and a system of separated powers

Question 23

Who were the Anti-Federalists?

Accepted Answer

those persons who opposed the ratification of the Constitution.  These Founders were for strong States rights

Answer

A system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central (national) government and several regional (state) governments

Answer

those persons who supported the ratification of the Constitution in 1787-88.  These Founders were for a strong central government

Question 24

What were the Federalist Papers?

Accepted Answer

A series of 85 articles written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay that sought to sway public opinion toward the Federalists' position for a strong national government and a system of separated powers

Answer

those persons who supported the ratification of the Constitution in 1787-88.  These Founders were for a strong central government

Answer

those persons who opposed the ratification of the Constitution.  These Founders were for strong States rights

Answer

A system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central (national) government and several regional (state) governments

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