Evolution - Chapter 17
Quiz by Danielle Wolf
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- Q1What is natural selection?The random distribution of genetic traits in popuationsThe process of humans selecting specific animals for breedingThe process by which organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduceThe process in which species evolve through random genetic changes30s
- Q2What is an adaptation?A behavior that helps an organism survive but is not passed down geneticallyA physical structure that only helps in reproductionA genetic change in a population over generations that increase survivalA change in an organism's environment that causes it to evolve30s
- Q3A pond has several varieties of a species of frog that all eat the same kind of bug. Most of the frogs are fast-growing varieties that need to eat more bugs each day than the slow-growing variety. A drought drastically reduces the amount of bugs, and the population of the fast-growing frogs declines drastically while the population of the slow-growing frogs declines only slightly, so that most of the frogs in the pond are now the slow-growing variety. This is an example of a(n) _?_.artificial selectionacquired characteristicsmutationnatural selectionevolution30s
- Q4Thomas Malthus argued that if the human population grew unchecked, then supplies of food and other resources would be exhausted. Which of these ideas about evolution did Darwin adapt from Malthus's work?Variations within a species are necessary for evolutionary change.An organism passes many of its traits to its offspring.All organisms fill a niche, or role in their environment.The environment selects the traits that an organism passes to offspring.Organisms are able to produce many more offspring than will survive.30s
- Q5Lamarck proposed that species changed over time. He suggested that _?_.species evolve through random mutations that occur in their DNA and are passed down to offspringspecies evolve based on the survival of the fittest, which advantageous traits passed down over generationsspecies evolved based on choosing to use parts of their bodies, and then passing those traits to their offspring30s
- Q6Two species of fish are introduced to the same lake. Over time, only one species survives. According to Darwin's theory of evolution, what should characterize the surviving species?a better ability to survive and reproduce in the lakegreater genetic variationcommon ancestors with other fish in the lakemore abundant food supplya better ability to withstand seasonal changes in the lake30s
- Q7Darwin's theory of evolution offers a scientific explanation for which of the following?How genetic infomation is inheritedHuman effects on biodiversityThe origin of lifeThe age of EarthChanges in species over time30s
- Q8Non-genetic traits that are gained during life and cannot be passed onto offspring are _?_.acquired characteristicshereditary traitsancestral traits and characteristicsancestral DNA30s
- Q9How well an organism can survive and reproduce in its environment is its _?_.aptitudefitnesscharacterpersonality30s
- Q10Darwin observed many finch species on the Galapagos Islands. To explain these observations, he proposed that each species evolved from the same common ancestor, which was a finch species that migrated to the islands from the mainland. What additional evidence did Darwin use to support his explanation?New adaptations of finches evolved when the environment of an island changed.The beaks of the finches were identical, allowing them to eat the same foods on any of the islands.The finch species were distributed evenly among all of the islands, but did not interbreed.The finch populations were very numerous, and different species often bred with one another.The finch species lived in different habitats on different islands, which isolated them from one another.30s
- Q11Which of the following would an animal breeder use to increase the number of cows that give the most milk?acquired characteristicsartificial selectionoverproductiongenetic isolation30s
- Q12We can use _?_ to put an age on rocks.anatomical structuresfossilsSoil samplesotoliths30s
- Q13The Akiapola'au uses its long top bill to probe for insects in trees. This beak is an example ofan adaptationa variationfitnessan acquired characteristic30s
- Q14During the process of natural selection, what determines which organisms survive and reproduce?number of adaptationsevolutionary fitnesspopulation sizevariety of adaptations30s
- Q15Fossil records are important evidence of evolution because they show?how organisms change over timemolecular homologieshow the embryos of organisms develophow animals behaved in their environments30s
