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Exercise One
Quiz by evelyn odoko
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MAKE A 9-ITEM EXERCISE.EACH SENTENCE SHOULD HAVE A GAP THAT CAN BE COMPLETED WITH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS OBSOLETE/SACRED/ PRIMITIVE/PREVAILING VIBRANT/ACCLAIMED/INDEPENDENTLY/PROFOUND. MAKE THE SENTENCES SIMPLE AND EASILY UNDERSTOODOne of the best ways of ensuring a long life is by staying active, both physically and mentally. Ha~f an ho~r of vigor~us stretching in the morning will help to keep your muscles supple. whilst runnl~g for a kl lome~re or [wo will improve your cardiovascular fitness. Asyou get older. you might find It easier to go for a walk, but any kind of exercise is positive. It is also imperative to tax our brains. Sitting down with a book or a crossword is a useful way of exercising our minds and helps to keep us mentally flexible. This is a vocabulary matching exercise where you need to match the words in bold with their meanings (labeled a-g, though the meanings aren't visible in the image). Let me help you identify the words in bold from each sentence: 1. **disappointed** - "It rained, so we didn't go hiking. We were very disappointed." 2. **nervous** - "I'm always a little nervous before tests because I'm afraid I won't do well." 3. **terrified** - "My sister is terrified of spiders. Every time she sees one, she screams." 4. **exhausted** - "My father was working all day and came home exhausted." 5. **annoyed** - "I was annoyed when Rob borrowed my tablet again without asking." 6. **proud** - "Pete won the science competition and his parents were very proud of him." 7. **confident** - "The coach is confident that the team will win the next game." To complete this exercise, you would need to match these words with their corresponding meanings (a through g) which are not visible in the image provided. The exercise also mentions that after matching, you should "listen and check your answers," suggesting there's an audio component to verify your choices. Would you like me to provide definitions for these emotions/feelings to help you match them with their meanings?MEANING OF A WAGE A wage is an amount of money which one gets for work done during a period of time. It can be paid for work done in one day, one week, two weeks. A wage is not paid for the time or day when work is not done. An income is the total amount of money that one gets from different sources during a period of time. These can include the money or wages one is paid at work and extra money one gets as a gift or the money receives for the extra work done after office hours. THE FOLLOWING ARE OTHER SOURCES OF INCOME: 1. Transport allowances 2. Housing allowances 3. Interest from savings 4. Dividends 5. Gratuity 6. Pension Reasons why people work are as follows: 1. To remain healthy 2. To exercise the body and mind 3. To provide for himself and family 4. To pay bills (school fees, services rendered) 5. To get money for clothing and shelterThe World's Game. Soccer is one of the oldest and most popular sports in the world. In the United States, the sport is called soccer. In most other places, it's known as football. The Basics. In soccer, two teams play with a round ball on a large field. Each team tries to put the ball into the other team's goal. Goalies. A player called a goalkeeper, or goalie, guards each team's goal. Goalies are the only players who can touch the ball with their arms and hands on the field. Moving the Ball. The other players move the ball around the field by kicking it. They can also "trap" the ball by stopping it with their feet, knees, or chests. They can even "head" a ball in the air using their heads! Players run with the ball by dribbling it. They kick the ball to themselves with short, quick taps. Offense and Defense. Whenever a team has the ball and is trying to score, they are on offense. The team playing defense tries to keep the offense from scoring. They also try to take the ball away from the other team. Each team plays offense and defense many times during a match. Fouls. The referees make sure the players follow the rules. Players are not allowed to push, hold, or trip members of the other team. A referee can call a foul if a player breaks a rule. The referee can give the other team a free kick or a penalty kick. Equipment. Players often wear cleats on their feet so they can run on the grass without slipping. Players also wear shin guards to protect their legs. Out-of-Bounds. If a ball goes out-of-bounds, a player throws it back into play. The player uses a special throw that starts with both hands behind the head. Scoring and Winning. A team gets one point for each goal it scores. At the end of the game, the team with the most goals wins. If the game ends in a tie, the teams may keep playing until someone scores. They may also take turns doing penalty kicks to decide the winner. Soccer Is Good for You. Soccer is great exercise and lots of fun to play! Players learn how to work together and be good sports. It Doesn't Matter Mr. Baker has two children. One is a boy called Peter and the other is a daughter called Rose. Peter is an eleven-year-old boy. He studies at school. Rose is four and stays at home. One evening Mr. and Mrs. Baker manage (管理) their small shop and leave (留下) their children at home. Peter has some homework to do. At five to nine, he brings out his exercise-books. He begins to do it in his father's study. About twenty minutes later his sister comes in. She finds a piece of paper and begins to write something on it. "What are you doing there, Rose?" asks Peter. "I'm writing a letter," answers the girl. "Oh? To whom?" "To my friend Jo." "How can you?" Peter says in surprise (惊讶地). "You can't write at all, you know." "It doesn't matter," Rose says calmly (平静地). "Jo is as old as me. She can't read, either!"Exams can be a source of stress and anxiety for many students, but there are ways to prepare and cope with the pressure. One important step is to start studying well in advance and break down the material into manageable chunks. This can be done by creating a study schedule and setting specific goals for each study session. Another key aspect of exam preparation is revision. This means going over your notes, practicing test-taking skills, and reviewing any areas where you may be struggling. It's also important to take care of yourself both physically and mentally. This includes getting enough sleep, eating a healthy diet, and engaging in regular exercise. Additionally, it's crucial to manage stress levels, using techniques such as deep breathing and meditation can help. On the day of the exam, it's important to stay calm and focused. This can be achieved by getting to the exam location early, so you can settle in before the test starts. Also, try to avoid cramming last-minute studying, it's better to relax and review your notes before the exam. Lastly, after the exam, try not to dwell on your performance, focus on the things you did well and the progress you've made. Remember that exams are just one aspect of your education and shouldn't define your self-worth. Earlier in 2019 there was a lot of femicide uh girls being killed by their boyfriends because they did one or two things there are also cultures of if there is violence in terms of a marital relationship that that is fine if there's a marital rape that that is fine so you find such situations being normalized and it being also a taboo to speak about those issues the 2030 agenda for sustainable development is grounded in respect for human rights and the power of people to change the world every individual on the planet has the right to health and well-being in all aspects of their sexuality their body and their reproductive choices ensuring these rights is integral to addressing poverty education violence against women and gender equality sexual and reproductive health rights are agreed in international law they were fought for by courageous women's rights activists and advocates across a broad range of professional fields and frontline experiences by movements of all ages levels and backgrounds they are still being fought for while progress has been made globally many barriers remain especially for those most marginalized excluded or discriminated against human rights are central to delivering the 17 sustainable development goals in the sustainable development agenda indeed each sdg target is simultaneously a metric and a claim for human rights the interplay between these political commitments and human rights obligations is particularly important when it comes to achieving sexual and reproductive health rights for decades human rights-based tactics have been used to drive progress in this episode of right to a better world experts share challenges they have faced and tactics they have used to address them the challenges they describe occur in settings all around the world the strategies used are ones that they have found to be successful in their own settings viewers are encouraged to learn from these experiences and consider how tactics could be adapted to their own context when sexual and reproductive health begins with equality the discussions decisions programs and policies which follow can build towards a future where every individual is not only born free but lives free and equal in dignity and rights without violence or discrimination the time to take action is now violence against women is any act that results in or is likely to result in physical sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women this includes threats of such acts coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty in public or private life it happens everywhere in every country in the home in communities at work and at school crises including health and humanitarian crises frequently contribute to higher rates of violence against women violence against women is directed at women because of their status as women the consequences are dire jeopardizing women's health including sexual and reproductive health and mental health hampering their ability to participate fully in society causing tremendous physical and psychological suffering for both women and their children the majority of women survivors of violence do not disclose or seek any type of services efforts to address violence against women must recognize the many different contexts in which it occurs and the many different forms it can take the majority of violence against women is committed by an intimate partner her current or previous boyfriend or husband globally around 30 of women have experienced physical and or sexual violence by an intimate partner in their lifetime this increases the risk of acquiring an sti or in some regions hiv by 1.5 fold when a woman is experiencing violence especially from her partner she's really unable to keep safe from hiv men have power to decide how when and where sex should be done and the woman is at risk of being infected because she cannot say no schools are another setting where violence against girls can take place assault and harassment during their commute bullying sexual harassment and mental or physical abuse on school property are all challenges across various country contexts this has a direct impact on girls access to inclusive quality education a target of sdg4 and an indirect impact on many of their other human rights young girls are taking advantage of at a very young age and they do not understand the choices and the avenues whereby they can exercise their rights when it comes to sexual productive health and rights and so you find a lot of dropouts and a lot of girls also going through a lot of traumatic experiences that would be avoided if they had guidance promoting a safe and secure working environment for all is a cornerstone of sdg 8. this includes a workplace free from sexual harassment and violence but for many women especially women migrant workers and others in precarious employment this is far from reality so we went to naivasha which is a flower farm and we've met the informal workers the casual liberals working for the flower farms when for example the sexual violence cases are reported companies don't take them very seriously a wide range of tactics have been used to prevent and address violence against women and girls and to recognize it as a fundamental violation of human rights prevention of intimate partner violence is possible when interventions are informed by evidence of what works we started out by describing the problem we've now moved to research on what works what are the kinds of interventions that are successful both for preventing the problem from happening in the first place and also from interventions to respond the respect women framework on preventing violence against women developed by the who un women ohchr and other international agencies promotes seven strategies which focus on relationship skills strengthening empowerment of women services for health justice police and social sector poverty reduction environments made safer including schools workplaces and public spaces child and adolescence abuse prevented and transformation of gender attitudes beliefs and norms this action-oriented framework can enable policy makers and health implementers to design plan implement monitor and evaluate interventions and programs to prevent violence against women we have come a long way for sure we still have some ways to go and we need to do more to stop this violence from happening in the first place this involves addressing the social norms that still prevail in many settings that make this form of violence acceptable women are not exposed to gender-based violence by accident all because of an inbuilt vulnerability violence against women is rooted in discriminatory social norms and power dynamics dismantling these underlying causes of violence against women and girls is at the heart of achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls as set out in the targets and indicators of sdg 5 ensuring healthy lives in sdg3 and reducing inequalities in sdg 10. women and men are valued differently society has heap privileges on the men while the women are looked at as subordinate power is not only the problem but also the solution to preventing violence against women we are making it personal everyone connects with power every day people living with power or grappling with power they find themselves within this whole conversation if you're working to create gnome change there has to be change at all levels strategies to raise awareness in communities about violence against women and girls are critical as there is still a lot of stigma and shame which inhibits many women and girls from talking about it intervention is like a big complicated word sometimes it's just about talking about dialogue i mean the fact that we went into schools and just began a conversation with parents um bringing them together in the school along with the school personnel and then having the conversation start from there and we also sort of train providers within schools to appropriately refer children to health facilities for care what we found was that this dialogue began to spark other conversations in the community and i guess they just felt that oh it's actually okay to talk about this openly rather than pretend that nothing is going on sassa is a community mobilization approach to prevent violence against women and hiv and aids it is activist led it's not workshop heavy based it comes away from the traditional programming of organizations going to do things themselves instead they support activists who do the activities with their friends and neighbors health systems play a critical role in responding to violence wherever it occurs supporting health workers to respond appropriately to violence as well as ensuring their work environment enables them to provide safe effective and quality survivor centred care are important strategies for better addressing violence against women and girls um we came to learn not to ask direct questions not to give our opinion or our judgment on them and let her speak and once with that flow starts once that connection is established that doctor-patient relationship emotionally is established she will actually tell you the whole history legal frameworks to promote enforce and monitor equality and non-discrimination on the basis of sex are an important sdg 5 indicator but putting laws in place does not automatically make them effective there are existing protections for women in the workplace or for individuals in the workplace in relation to harassment but we know from our call for evidence that they are not actually addressing the problem the recommendations that we developed included government implementing a mandatory duty for employers to take preventative steps to address harassment in the workplace so what we would like to see is government implement a much stronger legislative duty it has taken decades of struggle by the women's rights movement to persuade the international community to view violence against women as a human rights concern and a sustainable development priority not a private matter governments have obligations to respect protect and fulfill the right to a life free of violence and to provide for sanctions when they fail when seeking accountability the priority consideration must always be the safety and well-being of survivors respecting their wishes and autonomy and supporting them to make informed choices about the type of justice they want context is vitally important there are many strategies to hold perpetrators accountable including strategic litigation and public campaigns when the teachers impregnate the girls that means the system has failed and okay what they do is they blacklist the teachers and they are always removed from the payroll but we think that is not enough the case that was quite interesting is where one of the judges she did find a ruling against the teacher service commission the commission that is responsible for hiring teachers asking them that they must take responsibility and they were ordered to pay compensation to the girls who had gotten pregnant while in school the justice police issue came about a few years back when a young girl was raped and the punishment for her being ripped was that harappa she was gang-ripped and therapists were told to slash grass feminist organizations and young women organizations came back to the police and the police commissioner to ask and request that the people who are found to be perpetrators should be punished according to our constitution and according to the laws of the land and those are very big campaigns to get better justice so consequently they were jailed but also it was a sign that the system the police system had to be checked in terms of when someone reports a case any case of violence what happens and how is it followed through the maria pedra is another example of litigation that became a political mobilizer so this was a case from the inter-american commission that really galvanized a change in public policy a huge change because it was a case that addressed gender-based violence intimate partner violence it called on responsibility of brazil also for not having prevented this kind of violence the reality of a case that says you have the right to not be bruised you have the right to be free of physical psychological violence it's powerful it can change women's lives investing in autonomous women's movements has been one of the most important drivers of changes in laws and policies to address violence against women over the past 40 years according to data from over 70 countries women organizing to advance women's status define the very concept of violence against women raised awareness of the issue and put it on national and global policy agendas often we thought that it takes generations or centuries to change working intensely with the communities we can actually see change coming violence against women and girls is a violation of fundamental human rights to life and to physical and psychological integrity not to be tortured or treated in an inhuman and degrading way to respect for private and family life and the right not to be discriminated against this understanding is more than theoretical human rights-based tactics can offer a practical route to addressing systemic challenges across all the circumstances where violence against women and girls occurs including but not limited to at the hands of their partners at school and in the workplace by using evidence-informed prevention strategies addressing power relations and social norms community mobilizing and dialogue supporting health systems and professionals putting in place strong legal frameworks accessing justice and ending impunity feminist organizing and mobilizing every individual can help to deliver the 2030 agenda for sustainable development building a world in which women and girls are free from all forms of violence 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