A single, uninterrupted piece of film

Shot taken from a distance. Often helps establish the setting. Helps locate the viewer within the scene.

Sets the scene or emphasizes setting. This is typically a long shot or wide shot.

Image being shot takes up at least 80% of the screen. Narrows the focus to most important element.

Typically covers one person or several people from the torso up. Helps to show relationship between characters.

Shooting subject from below. Makes subject look important and powerful.

Camera is elevated above action/subject. Suggests inferiority of subject.

Fairly neutral angle where camera is level with subjects. Makes viewer feel part of scene.

Tilted sideways on a horizontal line. Adds tension to static frame. Sinister/distorted view of character. Sometimes known as a canted angle.

Camera is mounted on a mobile platform and moves alongside a moving subject (i.e., a moving train or car) or moves into or out of a scene.

Camera moves horizontally from a fixed base. Can reveal elements of a scene or movement of an subject within a scene.

Camera moves up and down vertically from a fixed base. Used to emphasize setting.

Lens moves, but not camera. Object appears bigger or smaller depending on focal length.

A shot that magnifies beyond what the eye would experience in reality. Generally used for dramatic effect to see "inside" subject/action.

The measurement of the area in front of and behind the subject that is in focus

When a camera follows one subject. Can be done using a variety of methods (steadicam, handheld, crane, jimmy jib, etc).

When the camera is tilted slightly to the side, as if you were looking at an object with your head tilted. The technique often alerts the audience that something is "not quite right"

A single event in a film (e.g. a conversation), which is created by editing together several SHOTS in order

One image fades into another. Creates connection between scenes.

Cut between two scenes that are happening simultaneously. Implies a relationship between the scenes. This is also known as inter-cutting.

Two or more simultaneous scenes shown on the same screen. Implies relationship between scenes and/or subjects.

An abrupt transition between shots, sometimes deliberate, which is disorienting in terms of the continuity of space and time.

Used to show passage of time. Familiar uses include falling calendar pages, clock movement, newspaper headlines, etc.

Juxtaposing seemingly unrelated shots or scenes which, when combined, achieve a new meaning. Can also show passage of time.

To place audio and video in their proper relationship so that they match.

A transition between shots in which a line passes across the screen, eliminating one shot as it goes and replacing it with the next one. (Similar to a curtain moving across a stage)

A shot that gradually increases or decreases in brightness usually to or from black. Sound can also fade to or from silence

The way in which shots are joined together

A fictional line between two characters speaking which the camera cannot cross without disorientating the audience

Editing techniques (matched cuts, diegetic sound bridges, eye-line matches) which give the viewer the impression that the action unfolds at the same time and in the same space

A theatrical term which describes everything which appears on-stage; In film, it can refer to sets, costumes, props, lighting, acting, etc.

Lighting is bright in all areas and is often "washed out". No shadows. Can imply innocence.

Darkness and shadows. Often create suspense/ suspicion. Can also be used to create sense of romance if used with warm coloration.

Direct lighting from below or side. Associated with secrecy, danger, evil, moral ambiguity, or split personalities.

Image is intentionally blurred. Can suggest a dream-like quality

Focus is in sharp relief. Allows for a feeling of harsh reality.

A common arrangement using 3 directions of lighting on a scene. Key light-from one bright source, fill light- to balance the key light, and backlight to give depth by lighting behind the subject.

Colored filters used on lights to show more romanticized scene. Typically reds, pinks and oranges

Colored filters used on lights to show harsher, grittier reality. Typically blues and greys.

Brightest area of scene/subject to focus attention.

Movements of hands, arms, fingers or any other part of the body that illustrate and emphasize what is being said.

Facial movements which show a character's reactions or emotions

The way a character moves their body around the set to convey meaning, such as when they walk fast, pace frantically or don't move at all

What the characters say (dialogue), and the way in which they say it: This could involve accent, intonation, or even slurring

1) Stage furniture, set dressing which makes a place look realistic; 2) Articles used by actors, entertainers, or speakers.

The context in time and place in which the action of a film occurs.

The clothing and accessories worn by actors to portray character and period.

The background noise present in a scene e.g. traffic

Sound within the film world that the characters & audience can hear; includes voices, sounds made by objects in the story, ambient sound, music coming from instruments in the story (a radio for example)

Sound that only the audience can hear, NOT a part of the story world; includes narration, film score

Type of sound that is part of story but comes from an off-screen source

Means "created sound, manufactured sound"; an artist of this uses random objects to make sound effects for movies

Music specifically made for a film, usually non-diegetic, made by a composer, such as in "The Lord Of The Rings"

Pre-existing music put into a film, such as AC/DC in Iron Man 3

Term used to describe how, when someone is far away, their voice is quieter, as opposed to when they are closer to the camera, their voice is louder

Type of ambient sound with distinct features; It goes beyonf ambient sound to describe the situation, such as kids playing or laughing

Sounds which are synchronized or matched with what is on the screen. For example, if a character is making boiling a kettle, the sound of a boiling kettle would be played.

Sound effects which are not matched with a visible source of the sound on screen. Such sounds can be included to provide an appropriate emotional state, and they may also add to the realism of the film. For example, a film maker might opt to include the background sound of an ambulance's siren while the foreground sound and image portrays an arguing couple. The asynchronous ambulance siren suggests how damaging the argument is to both people

When the tone of the music matches the mood being shown on screen, e.g. uplifting music when the romantic couple finally kiss

When the tone of the music does not match the mood being shown on screen, i.e. the music is 'counterpoint' to the images we are being shown. For example, a sound of a funfair and people laughing over a scene of a murderer stalking his victim would be contrapuntal

Sound bridges are part of the continuity of a film: Often sound will continue from one scene to the next. The images may change but sound continues across frames. This creates a coherent world that is understandable to the viewer.

A list of options that use hyperlinks to move to other parts of the presentation

A pre-determined way of organizing objects on a web page including title, text and other content.

A recording of both the video and audio components (especially one containing a recording of a movie or television program)

A complete set of characters in a specific face, style, and size.