Quelle condition doit être remplie pour que deux êtres vivants appartiennent à la même espèce ?

Ils peuvent se reproduire entre eux et donner naissance à une descendance fertile.

Ils vivent dans le même habitat.

Ils se nourrissent des mêmes aliments.

Comment les biologistes classent-ils les êtres vivants ?

En utilisant différents critères comme les attributs et les paramètres.

Quel est un des objectifs de l'activité 5.5 ?

Expliquer la diversité des espèces actuelles.

Étudier la couleur des animaux.

Décrire la structure des molécules.

Quelle compétence est mentionnée concernant l'utilisation d'un microscope ?

Je sais utiliser un microscope.

Je ne sais pas utiliser d'outils.

Je connais toutes les espèces animales.

Je sais dessiner des créatures marines.

Que faut-il faire pour réaliser une classification des êtres vivants ?

Réaliser un emboîtement de boîtes pour repérer les parentés.

Lire des livres sur les plantes.

Utiliser des schémas de couleurs.

Observer uniquement les animaux.

Que doit-on faire pour se préparer à l'évaluation ?

Relire et apprendre ce qui est écrit en rouge dans le cours.

Regarder des films sur les animaux.

Faire des promenades dans la nature.

Écrire des histoires sur les cellules.

Quel est le lien entre les changements de peuplement et l'évolution des espèces ?

Ils permettent de reconnaître l'évolution des espèces vivantes.

Ils concernent uniquement les animaux marins.

Ils sont liés à la couleur des fleurs.

Quel sujet aborde le défi 'Ta grand-mère, c'est une algue ?'

Comment la vie est-elle apparue sur Terre ?

Les différents types d'animaux.

L'importance de la photosynthèse.

Quelle est la condition principale pour que deux êtres vivants appartiennent à la même espèce ?

Ils doivent pouvoir se reproduire entre eux et donner naissance à une descendance fertile.

Ils doivent se nourrir de la même manière.

Ils doivent vivre dans le même habitat.

Ils doivent avoir la même taille.

Qu'est-ce qui définit une cellule comme étant l'unité structurelle du vivant ?

La cellule est la plus petite unité vivante capable de se reproduire et de répondre à des stimuli.

La cellule est composée seulement de protéines.

La cellule a une forme fixe et ne change jamais.

La cellule est toujours visible à l'œil nu.

Comment les biologistes classent-ils les êtres vivants ?

En utilisant des critères tels que la morphologie, la génétique et les relations évolutives.

En les regroupant par leur habitat uniquement.

En les séparant selon leur taille uniquement.

En fonction de leur couleur seulement.

Quelle activité permet de repérer les parentés entre les groupes d'être vivants ?

Réaliser une classification en emboitement de boîtes.

Dessiner des schémas de couleur.

Comparer seulement leur taille.

Observer les êtres vivants au microscope.

Quel est un caractère commun à tous les êtres vivants ?

Tous les êtres vivants sont composés de cellules.

Tous produisent de la lumière.

Comment les changements de peuplement au cours du temps sont-ils identifiés ?

En reconnaissant l'évolution des espèces vivantes.

En les comparant seulement à des images.

Quel est un des exercices recommandés pour s'entraîner sur ce sujet ?

Les exercices 5, 6, 9, 13, 15, 16 et 18.

Les exercices de mathématiques.

Quelle est une ressource suggérée pour apprendre sur l'évolution ?

La vidéo « C’est pas sorcier » sur l’évolution.

Un documentaire sur les océans.

Comment la vie est-elle apparue sur Terre, selon le défi proposé ?

En étudiant des théories sur l'origine de la vie à partir d'algues.

À partir des roches uniquement.

French Science | Quizalize

Teacher: Good morning, class! Welcome to the second grade. How was your summer vacation? Timmy: It was fun. I went to summer camp with Sam. Timmy: But summer vacation is finished. No more swimming at the beach and making sandcastles. Teacher: Yes, it’s time to study. Timmy: What will we learn in the second grade? Teacher: We will learn Math, Science, and many other things. Cindy: Will we learn French? My favorite class is French. Teacher: Yes, you will have French lessons with Ms. Martin.

LESSON 2 Early Theories on the Origin of Life • Identify the different theories on the origin of life. • Describe each theory and determine their differences What are the characteristics of living things? Before learning about the history of Earth based on geological evidence, early scientists explored the possibilities of how the first life-form existed. There are several theories about the origin of life. Theory of Catastrophism The theory of catastrophism supported by French scientists Georges Cuvier (1769-1832) and Alcide Dessalines d'Orbigny (1802-1857), is said to be a modification of the creation story of the Bible. It states that there have been several living creations from God, each encountered a catastrophe that completely destroyed them. Each new creation consisted of new life-forms, which happen to be different from the previous ones. Theory of Abiogenesis The theory of abiogenesis, or the spontaneous generation theory, states that living things were naturally created from nonliving things such as simple organic compounds. The theory supposes that abiogenesis occurred between 3.8 and 4 Gya. The experiment performed by Stanley Miller in 1953 gave way to many speculations and studies on how life on Earth really began. His research involved a simulation of the possible environment on Earth in the past. He demonstrated how an electric spark (which is a simulation for lightning) when passed through simple organic gases (similar to the early Earth atmosphere), resulted in the formation of amino acids, which are now known as the building blocks of proteins and the components of living tissues. Theory of Biogenesis The theory of biogenesis presented a strong argument against abiogenesis. This theory states that living things come from living things. Experiments of Francesco Redi and Louis Pasteur disproved the thought of spontaneous generation during their time (figure 5-1). Louis Pasteur argued that life comes from preexisting life and not from nonliving material. However, it should be noted that the "abiogenesis" or "spontaneous generation" that he opposed referred to any modern, existing, fully-formed organisms, not the original generation of life. Louis Pasteur's law of biogenesis contradicted the common belief during his time that cattle dung gives rise to flies, or old clothes with rotten food gives rise to mice. The idea of spontaneous generation was popular until near the seventeenth century. Even famous scientists of that period, such as Descartes, Galileo, and Jan Baptista van Helmont, believed in this theory. CIENCE PIONEER Francesco Redi (1626-1697). Francesco Redi is a physician, a naturalist, and a poet. His works challenged the popular theory of spontaneous generation. He disproved the idea that living things may arise from nonliving things. He also worked on toxicology using viper's venom. He discovered and worked on some parasites that caused disease in humans. SCIENCE CAREER Evolutionary Biologist An evolutionary biologist studies the descent of species and the origin of new species of living things. Working as evolutionary biologist means studying and researching species diversity, their interaction with the environment, their adaptation to change, their ancestors, and their possible origins. This career is important in the field of science because it seeks an answer to the questions about how life began on Earth.

Rainbows Introduction. When the Sun comes out after it rains, run outside. You may see a rainbow in the sky. Rainbows are tricks made by light. We can see them, but we can't touch them or walk around them. They seem to move away when we try to get close to them. Science can explain how rainbows happen. Where and When Rainbows Appear. Look around the next time you see a rainbow. The Sun will be shining from behind you. There will be rain in front of you, where you'll see the rainbow. Rainbows need water drops and sunlight to form. They can even form under a bright moon. These are called moonbows. We usually see a rainbow as a half circle. It actually forms a full circle. From the ground, we can only see the top half. How Rainbows Form. Years ago, a French scientist studied rainbows. He found that to see a rainbow, you must be in the right spot. Knowing how light moves helps explain rainbows. Think of running on land. Now think of trying to run through water. You will move more slowly through water because it is thicker than air. This pencil seems to bend where it enters the water. In the same way, light moves faster through air than through water. As the light moves through water, it slows down and bend. Rainbows form when water drops meet sunlight. The light bends when it goes into each drop. Then it reflects, or bounces, off the back of each drop. The light bends again as it leaves the drop. This happens in millions of water drops at once, making the colors of a rainbow. The Colors of the Rainbow. Sunlight is made up of many colors. Water drops split the sunlight into different colors. Splitting light makes a rainbow. You have to be in the right spot to see a rainbow. Each water drop reflects colored light at a slightly different angle. The colors of the rainbow always appear in the same order. The name ROY G. BIV can help you remember the seven main colors. They are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. Conclusion. Rain stops and the Sun comes out. A beautiful rainbow sweeps across the sky. Most people find it hard not to stop and stare when a rainbow appears. Science explains how rainbows form. Still, a rainbow is always a magical sight to see.

Grace Hopper (1906-1992): An American computer scientist and U.S. Navy rear admiral. She was a pioneer in computer programming and developed the first compiler for a computer programming language, laying the groundwork for cobol. Garrett Augustus Morgan Sr. (1877-1963): An African American inventor who patented the traffic signal and the safety hood, a precursor to the modern gas mask. Hedy Lamarr (1914-2000): An Austrian-American actress and inventor who co-invented an early technique for spread spectrum communications, a key to modern wifi and bluetooth technology. Otis Boykin (1920-1982): An African American inventor who patented over 25 electronic devices, including a control unit for the pacemaker that is widely used today. Stephanie Kwolek (1923-2014): An American chemist who invented the synthetic fiber Kevlar, which is used in bulletproof vests and other protective equipment. Gladys West (b. 1930): An African American mathematician who played a crucial role in the development of the GPS technology we use today. Shirley Ann Jackson (b. 1946): An African American physicist who was the first African American woman to receive a doctorate at MIT and her work laid the foundations for the touch-tone telephone, caller ID, and call waiting. Tu Youyou (b. 1930): A Chinese pharmaceutical chemist who discovered artemisinin, a drug therapy that has significantly reduced the mortality rates for malaria, for which she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. Chien-Shiung Wu (1912-1997): A Chinese-American physicist who made significant contributions to the Manhattan Project and disproved the hypothetical law of conservation of parity, for which her male colleagues received the Nobel Prize (she did not). Mária Telkes (1900-1995): A Hungarian-American biophysicist and architect dubbed the "Sun Queen" for her pioneering work in solar energy, including the development of the first solar-powered house. Percy Lavon Julian (1899-1975): An African American chemist and pioneer in the chemical synthesis of medicinal drugs from plants. Charles Ginsburg (1925-1992): An American engineer who led the team that developed the first commercial videotape recorder. Philo Farnsworth (1906-1971): An American inventor who developed an electronic television system and made major contributions to early television technology. María Montoya Martínez (1887-1980): A Native American (Tewa) potter from San Ildefonso Pueblo, New Mexico, who helped revive the traditional black-on-black pottery style and is considered one of the most influential Pueblo potters of the 20th century. Satya Nadella (b. 1967): An Indian-American business executive who has been the chief executive officer of Microsoft since 2014, overseeing the company's transformation into a cloud computing powerhouse. Junko Tabei (1939-2016): A Japanese mountaineer who in 1975 became the first woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest, and the first woman to ascend the Seven Summits, climbing the highest peaks on each continent. Mildred Dresselhaus (1930-2017): An American physicist and engineer, known as the "Queen of Carbon Science," who made groundbreaking contributions to the study of carbon materials like graphite and carbon nanotubes. Ellen Ochoa (b. 1958): An American engineer and former astronaut. In 1993, she became the first Hispanic woman to go to space when she flew on the Space Shuttle Discovery. Françoise Barré-Sinoussi (b. 1947): A French virologist who co-discovered HIV as the cause of AIDS, for which she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2008. Esther Lederberg (1922-2006): An American microbiologist who made significant contributions to genetics and microbiology, including the discovery of the bacterial virus lambda, but whose work was often overshadowed by her husband's Nobel Prize-winning accomplishments.

Life and Physical Science MSL

8th American Republic Chapter 4/5: Great Awakening and French & Indian War

Science Summative Test 3

French

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