The science that deals with the earth's physical structure and substance, its history, and the processes that act on it.

Discovered penicillin from culture-grown mold “penicillium”

Father of Biology; studied the hearts and brains of animals; correlated the warming-cooling functions of the heart and brain to human feelings and emotions

Theory of evolution

Study of normal functions of parts of an organisms

Study of classification and naming of plants and animals

Study of man

Ability to make objects or specimens visible

Soaking of a specimen in a fixative, like formaldehyde after cutting it into small species

Separation and analysis of complex mixtures; color comparison is usually its basis

Used to visualize and map the genetic material in an individual cell; important for understanding different chromosomal abnormalities and some mutation in genes

Aside from development of methods to protect crops from pests, rice production program is also intensified through better agricultural technology and the use of good seed varieties; better rice developed at MMSU; best for rainfed lowlands, resistant to major pests

Controls fish predators in freshwater pond

Properties that can only be observed when the substance produced a new material

The four fundamental states of matter are solid, liquid, gas and 

Separating suspended solid from liquid by passing liquid through a filter

Separating two liquids with different densities by pouring out less dense liquid

Changes in the atomic properties of an element

Results after a chemical reaction where a new substance is formed

Mass of proton is almost equal to mass of 

Sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons

Atoms with unequal number of protons and electrons, as electrons are lost or added.

Also called lower atmosphere; clouds, rainfall andother weather conditions occur ONLY here.

Contains 80% of the atmosphere’s mass; contains99% of air along with troposphere.

The coldest naturally occurring place on earth.

Temperature increases with increasing height;biggest of all the layers

Serves to protect the earth from harmful rays ofthe sun.

Amount of water vapor in the air

Large body of air which extends over thousands of kilometers and has the same temperature, pressure and humidity at all points.

Gray in appearance; low lying, formed from humid air.

Thick, dark and rain producing

Mixed rain and snow

Seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation andprecipitation due to asymmetric heating of land and sea.

During the night, air over the sea is warmer than over the land. Cool dense air from the land moves toward the sea as a land breeze and pushes the warm air upwards.

During the day, air over the land is warmer than over the sea. Cool dense air from the sea moves toward the land as a sea breeze and pushes the warm air upwards.

Blows from November to April causing rainy weather

Low pressure center over an ocean with strong circulatingwinds.

The single major continent which broke into two pieces (LAURASIA and GONDWANALAND).

The earth is made up of several plates which move ontop of the mantle. Collision of plates result to either the edge of the lessdense plate crumples and forms MOUNTAINS or one plate sinks below the other andforms a TRENCH.

The earth’s crust tends to distribute itselfover the mantle to maintain a state of balance. (1) the crust floats over themantle and (2) high density and massive parts of the crust sink while lowdensity and thinner parts rise.

Second layer of the earth and includes most of theearth’s volume and mass.

Formed by deposition, accumulation, cementing and hardening of loose sediments into rock.

formed when igneous and sedimentary rocks are changedby increased pressure and temperature. Hardest of the three types.

Occurs when the earth is between the moon and the sun. The earth’s shadow darkens the moon.

Coolest star

Basic unit for length

Mass, charge, length, temperature, speed are examples of 

Study of heat and its transformation to different forms of energy.

Transmission of heat from two objects with DIRECT contact

Heat transfer through RAYS or WAVES emitted by a very hot object.