A scientist hydrolyzes ATP in a laboratory test tube. He finds that about 3 times as much as heat is released than when the same amount of ATP is hydrolyzed in a cell. Which of the following best explains the scientist’s observation?

How is ATP hydrolysis used to power other cellular reactions?

In the reaction catalyzed by hexokinase, the two half reactions and their ΔG value are as follows:                                                                            ATP + H2O --> ADP + Pi                                                   ΔG = -31kJ/mol

Pi + glucose --> glucose-6-P + H2O                           ΔG = +14kJ/mol      The ΔG for the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-P with ATP as the phosphoryl donor is __________.

An endergonic reaction can proceed only if it absorbs __________.

What would you expect to happen if you compare the rate of photosynthesis in bright white light and in darkness?

In paper chromatography, photosynthetic pigments from a plant pigment extract will separate due to their ­­­­­­difference in__________.

The color of a photopigment is due to the __________.

Based on a variety of experiments, it is known that the rate of photosynthesis is highest when wavelengths of light between 400 and 500 nm are used, and when wavelengths around 700 nm are used. What does this indicate about the relative importance of chlorophyll a and b in photosynthesis?

Asa result of the cascade of electrons down the electron transport chains of the light reactions, __________.

The electrons lost from the reaction center of photosystem I are replaced by electrons from __________.

The electrons lost from the reaction center of photosystem II are replaced by electrons from ­­­­__________.

Photophosphorylation differs from oxidative phosphorylation in that __________.

Which of the following are produced during the Calvin cycle?

Carbon, in the form of CO2, must be taken from the atmosphere and attached to an existing organic molecule in the Calvin cycle. Therefore, the carbon is bound to the molecule. The products of the cycle only occur because of the added carbon. What are the products of the Calvin cycle and what is regenerated?

What does RuBisC0 do?

NADPH and ATP from the light reactions are both needed __________.

Which of these is a difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration in humans?                                                                               i. Aerobic respiration releases less energy than anaerobic respiration.                                                                                                                     ii. Anaerobic respiration produces ethanol, but aerobic respiration does not.                                                                                                  iii. Glucose is completely broken down in anaerobic respiration but not in aerobic respiration

What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Which of the following is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Which among the following difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration is INCORRECT?

i. Aerobic respiration takes place in mitochondria, anaerobic respiration takes place in yeast.

ii. In aerobic respiration more energy is released while in anaerobic respiration less energy is released.

iii. In aerobic respiration pyruvate is broken down into ethanol and carbon dioxide while in anaerobic respiration pyruvate is broken down into carbon dioxide.

In which protein complex in the inner mitochondrial membrane is FADH₂ oxidized?

Which of the following is the molecule produced when oxygen is reduced by the electrons in the electron transport chain?

Which of the following molecules is neither oxidized nor reduced during electron flow through the electron transport chain?

In which protein complex in the inner mitochondrial membrane is oxygen reduced?

In glycolysis, during oxidation, electron is removed by __________.

Which of the following describes oxidative decarboxylation?

Which of the following occurs when high energy electrons pass down the electron transport chain?

Which of the following are the major events during chemiosmosis?

i. Proton gradient formation

ii. Electron flow and release of energy

iii. Proton motive force driven ATP synthesis

Which is the source of the energy used to make ATP by oxidative phosphorylation?

The reaction of the citric acid cycle that produces an ATP equivalent (in the form of GTP) by substrate level phosphorylation is the conversion of __________.

Which statement about glycolysis is CORRECT?

Given the process of glycolysis, which of the following would serve to inhibit the rate of glycolysis?

If oxygen is not present, pyruvate molecules undergo __________.

Which of the following is necessary for oxidative phosphorylation to occur?

The role of oxygen in aerobic respiration is __________.

Fermentation reactions contribute to the continued production of ATP in the absence of oxygen by __________.

Tell whether the statement describes the advantage or disadvantage of fermentation: takes a shorter route by not entering citric acid cycle or electron transport chain.

Tell whether the statement describes the advantage or disadvantage of fermentation: allows organisms to live in places where there is little or no oxygen supply.

Tell whether the statement describes the advantage or disadvantage of fermentation: provides rapid burst of energy for activities that deplete oxygen levels such as sprinting.

Tell whether the statement describes the advantage or disadvantage of fermentation: produces substances that cause cell pH to change.