Genetics/Evolution Review
Quiz by Jaclyn Robbins
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- Q1
Which of Mendel’s laws states that organisms inherit two copies of each gene and donate only one copy to each of their offspring?
Law of Segregation
Law of Independent Assortment
Law of Inheritance
Law of Dominance
30s - Q2
The change in the genetic composition of a population over time is defined as
evolution.
heredity.
ecology.
protein synthesis.
30s - Q3
When a population splits, becomes reproductively isolated, and accumulates many significant genetic differences, this is defined as
gene flow.
evolution.
speciation.
genetic drift.
30s - Q4
Ellie May, a mother with type B blood, has a child with type O blood. She says that Jethro, who has type A blood, is the father. He says that he cannot possibly be the father. Further, blood tests ordered by the judge reveal that both Ellie May and Jethro are homozygous. The judge rules that
Ellie May is right and Jethro must pay child support.
Jethro is right and does not have to pay child support.
Jethro may be the father but further genetic testing must be done.
Ellie May cannot be the real mother of the child. There must have been an error made at the hospital.
30s - Q5
In some cats, black color is due to a sex-linked (X-linked) recessive gene (b); the dominant allele(B) produces orange color. The heterozygote (Bb) is calico. What kinds of offspring would be expected from the cross of an orange male and a black female?
orange females, black males
black females, orange males
orange females and males
calico females, black males
30s - Q6
Which of the following is NOT evidence for evolution?
Analysis of the rate of protein synthesis in biochemistry
evolutionary development
transitional fossils
homologous traits, including biochemistry
measuring genetic change occurring
30s - Q7
If a child has AB blood type, the parents
can be any blood type, but must be different
must both have different blood types
can both be AB or must be different and neither can be type O
must be A and B but not AB
30s - Q8
All of the following are true about mutations EXCEPT
Mutations can have both positive and negative effects on an individual.
Beneficial mutations always become more common in a population over time.
Mutations increase variation in a population.
Mutations can be passed onto other cells if G1 checkpoints do not find them.
30s - Q9
Linanthus parryae is a small, spring-blooming Mojave Desert annual plant with either blue flowers or white flowers. The city decided to“remodel” the desert park and bulldozed 90% of the park to redesign and landscape it. Only a few white flower plants survived the remodeling. This is an example of
mutation.
natural selection.
genetic drift.
gene flow.
30s - Q10
Different species of these birds live on different islands in the Galápagos archipelago, located in the Pacific Ocean off South America. The finches are isolated from one another by the ocean. Over millions of years, each species of finch developed a unique beak that is especially adapted to the kinds of food it eats. Some finches have large, blunt beaks that can crack the hard shells of nuts and seeds. Other finches have long, thin beaks that can probe into cactus flowers without the bird being poked by the cactus spines. Still other finches have medium-size beaks that can catch and grasp insects. Because they are isolated, the birds don’t breed with one another and have therefore developed into unique species with unique characteristics.
This is an example of
analogous traits.
homologous traits.
speciation.
ecotype.
30s - Q11
Why is natural selection an important mechanism in evolution?
It results in adaptation.
It results in biological extinction.
It results in a new species forming.
It results in convergent evolution.
30s - Q12
Leah, LaRenda, and Gabi decide to test what factors influence water absorption by an egg. They remove the shell from 3 eggs by dissolving them in vinegar. They create three different water solutions. One is pure, 100% distilled water, a second is 50% water/50% corn syrup, and the third is 100% corn syrup. The mass of each egg is measured before they are put into a single solution for 24 hours. The mass of the eggs is then measured, and the data recorded in this image.
Based on the data this group gathered, the most appropriate hypothesis would be
If an egg is placed in corn syrup, then it will gain mass.
If an egg is placed in vinegar overnight, then its shell will dissolve.
If three eggs are each placed in three different solutions, then the egg in distilled water will lose mass.
If an egg is placed in a pure water solution, then the egg will gain mass.
30s - Q13
Mel and Carl conducted an experiment to verify their hypothesis that male eggs of the American alligator only hatch at high temperatures. They conducted an experiment and their results were tabulated in the data table. Mel and Carl concluded very high temperatures killed unhatched alligators.
What comment(s) would you make to Mel and Carl regarding their conclusions?
They did not sample very many eggs, and no pattern is apparent in the data.
Their conclusion is correct. Nothing should be added or deleted.
Their hypothesis is not supported by the data. More males hatch at low temperatures, and more females hatch at high temperatures.
Their hypothesis is supported by the data, and they should also note that more eggs fail to hatch at high temperatures.
30s - Q14
A genetic disease called Tay Sachs is fatal to all infants within the first five years of life. This disease is caused by a recessive allele of a single gene. What is the BEST explanation for why this disease persists even though it is fatal long before the afflicted individual reaches reproductive age?
scientists are wrong and Tay Sachs is not always fatal
homozygous dominant individuals occasionally have a mutation that causes Tay Sachs
heterozygous individuals are allowed to reproduce despite showing symptoms
heterozygous individuals do not exhibit symptoms of Tay Sachs and are able to reproduce
30s - Q15
Which of the following must be true for the prevalence of Tay Sachs in the human population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Tay Sachs must be a heritable trait whose expression differs between individuals and affects reproductive success.
Tay Sachs must be intentionally selected for by humans who desire the presence of the trait.
Tay Sachs must exist in a large population with no migration and NOT affect reproductive success.
Tay Sachs must keep reappearing in the population due to random changes in DNA.
30s
