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Q 1/20
Score 0
A vaccine is available against most common strains of the influenza virus.
The virus that causes influenza often undergoes mutation in the gene coding for its antigenic protein.
Which statements explain why vaccinated people are not immune to a mutated influenza virus? 1. They will not have primary immune response to the mutated antigen.
2. They will not have a secondary immune response to the mutated antigen.
3. Their memory cells do not recognise the mutated antigen.
60
1, 2 and 3
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
Q 2/20
Score 0
Which statements correctly describe lymphocytes?
1. Each B-lymphocyte has the ability to make several types of antibody molecules.
2. Some B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes become memory cells.
3 .Plasma cells secrete antibodies into the blood plasma.
4. Some T-lymphocytes stimulate macrophages to kill infected cells.
60
2, 3 and 4 only
1, 2, 3 and 4
1, 2 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3 only
20 questions
Q.
A vaccine is available against most common strains of the influenza virus.
The virus that causes influenza often undergoes mutation in the gene coding for its antigenic protein.
Which statements explain why vaccinated people are not immune to a mutated influenza virus? 1. They will not have primary immune response to the mutated antigen.
2. They will not have a secondary immune response to the mutated antigen.
3. Their memory cells do not recognise the mutated antigen.
1
60 sec
Q.
Which statements correctly describe lymphocytes?
1. Each B-lymphocyte has the ability to make several types of antibody molecules.
2. Some B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes become memory cells.
3 .Plasma cells secrete antibodies into the blood plasma.
4. Some T-lymphocytes stimulate macrophages to kill infected cells.
2
60 sec
Q.
Addison’s disease can occur when antibodies are produced in response to an enzyme found in some organs of the body.Which statements correctly describe Addison’s disease? 1. It is a non-infectious disease.
2. It is a type of auto-immune disease.
3. Antibodies are produced against a self-antigen.
3
60 sec
Q.
Hybridomas are used as a basis for the production of large numbers of monoclonal antibodies.
Which statement describes how hybridomas are made?
4
60 sec
Q.
Which statement about the properties of the antigen binding sites in antibody molecules is correct?
5
60 sec
Q.
The statements describe ways in which different types of monoclonal antibodies can work.
1. binding to proteins on cell surfaces and triggering the immune system
2. blocking molecules on cell surfaces that inhibit T-cells
3. blocking cell signalling receptors that trigger cell division
4. blocking cell signalling receptors that trigger the immune response
6
60 sec
Q.
When an organ is transplanted from one person to another, rejection of the non-self organ must be avoided. At the same time, the immune system of the recipient must be maintained to prevent death from infections. What prevents rejection of the transplanted organ?
7
60 sec
Q.
Where are antigens found?
8
60 sec
Q.
Some children are born with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID).
Children with this inherited disease do not normally have any T-lymphocytes and suffer from many infectious diseases. How may these children be cured from SCID?
9
60 sec
Q.
The hybridoma method is used for the production of monoclonal antibodies.
Which two types of cell are used in this method?
10
60 sec
Q.
A vaccine is used to create artificial active immunity. After being given a vaccine, it will take a period of time before a person develops long-term immunity against the disease.
Which statement about this period of time explains this delay?
11
60 sec
Q.
Which of these statements explain why some vaccines can be taken by mouth but tuberculosis (TB) vaccine has to be injected?
1. Macrophages present antigens in vaccines to stimulate an immune response.
2. The TB antigens necessary to produce an immune response are proteins which
would be digested in the stomach and small intestine.
3. There are no B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes in the stomach.
12
60 sec
Q.
Which method of gaining immunity can be described as natural active immunity?
13
60 sec
Q.
Which statements about endocytosis are correct?
1. It is part of phagocytosis.
2. It is a passive process.
3. Materials are taken into the cell.
4. Vesicles form within the cytoplasm.
14
60 sec
Q.
The statements refer to vaccination programmes for each of the diseases cholera, measles, smallpox and tuberculosis (TB). Which statement is correct for TB?
15
60 sec
Q.
Which sequence of events occurs during an immune response?
1. development of plasma cells
2. mitosis of B-lymphocytes
3. recognition of non-self antigens
4. secretion of antibodies
16
60 sec
Q.
An influenza vaccine can be made by growing the viruses in chicken eggs.
The viruses are extracted in liquid from the eggs and inactivated. The purified egg extract containing the viruses is then used as the vaccine. What is a side-effect of using this vaccine in some people?
17
60 sec
Q.
Which statement describes how passive natural immunity is obtained?
18
60 sec
Q.
What describes a non-specific immune response?
19
60 sec
Q.
What explains why monoclonal antibodies can be used to target cancer cells?
