Question 1

Which statement about gas pressure and temperature is true?

Accepted Answer

If the temperature of a fixed volume of a gas increases, the pressure it exerts increases.

Answer

If the temperature of a fixed volume of gas is increased, the molecules of a gas move more slowly.

Answer

The force that a gas exerts is parallel to the surface.

Answer

Gas molecules all move around in the same direction.

Question 2

Which example is true about boiling and evaporation?

Accepted Answer

The liquid turns into a vapour.

Answer

Water boils at 1000°C.

Answer

Evaporation occurs in a liquid at all temperatures, but a liquid only boils at its boiling point.

Answer

A container of liquid left outside on a sunny day will boil.

Question 3

Which statement about density is true?

Accepted Answer

An object will float in water if its density is less than that of water.

Answer

Particles are closer together in the liquid state than the solid state, and this makes the liquid denser than the solid.

Answer

Density is measured in kg/m2.

Answer

A material usually has the smallest density when it is in a liquid state.

Question 4

Which statement about the particles in a solid, liquid, or gas is true?

Accepted Answer

Internal energy is the sum of the kinetic energy and the potential energy of a substance.

Answer

The potential energy of particles is caused by their velocity.

Answer

The internal energy includes the kinetic energy of the motion of the whole substance.

Answer

Energy stored by the particles in a solid is entirely kinetic.

Question 5

The graph shows ice being heated. Which letter represents ice melting?

Accepted Answer

B

Answer

D

Answer

A

Answer

C

Question 6

How would you measure the specific latent heat of vaporisation of a liquid? Put the statements in the correct order.

Accepted Answer

ADECB

Answer

CBDAE

Answer

BCAED

Answer

DEACB

Question 7

You have 3.00 m3 of a fixed mass of a gas at 150 kPa. Calculate the pressure if the volume is reduced to 1.20 m3 at a constant temperature.

Accepted Answer

375 kPa

Answer

375 Pa

Answer

540 Pa

Answer

375 Pa

Question 8

The specific latent heat of vaporisation for water is 2260 kJ/kg. Calculate the energy you need to transfer to boil water with a mass of 150 g.

Accepted Answer

339 000 J

Answer

339 J

Answer

339 000 kJ

Answer

339 000 000 J

Question 9

In which example would the pressure of a gas decrease?

Accepted Answer

The air pressure in your lungs when your diaphragm moves down.

Answer

Pressure of steam above boiling water in a saucepan when the lid is on.

Answer

Gas pressure inside a sealed glass bottle left on the window sill in the sun.

Answer

The pressure inside a tyre on a hot day compared to a cold day.

Question 10

Which statement about internal energy is correct?

Accepted Answer

The temperature of a solid doesn’t change when it is melting.

Answer

More energy is required to melt 100 kg of ice to liquid water than is needed to boil it from a liquid to a gas.

Answer

Mass is not conserved in a physical change because atoms or molecules are not destroyed, just rearranged.

Answer

A change in internal energy of an object can only result in a change in temperature.

Question 11

Look at the experimental setup. You notice that when you increase the pressure, the volume of the gas increases slightly. Choose the best explanation.

Accepted Answer

When you exert a pressure on the gas you do work on it, which increases the temperature, so the gas expands.

Answer

When you exert a pressure on the gas you do work on it, which increases the mass of the gas molecules, so the gas expands.

Answer

When you exert a pressure on the gas you do work on it, which reduces the pressure, so the gas expands.

Answer

When you exert a pressure on the gas you reduce the average speed of the gas molecules, so the gas expands.

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