On the hot sands of the ________________ Peninsula, between the continents of Africa and Asia the next major Abrahamic religion will soon emerge.

The last four hundred years have been a time of conflict between the ______________ Empire and the Sassanid Persian Empire with the Arab Tribes stuck in the middle.

With the _________ Road blocked by the warfare in the Middle East, a new way to transport goods from the East to the West needed to be created.

The new route connecting East and West was controlled by the __________ Tribes a group of pastoral nomadic desert peoples who herded camels and goats and conducted long distance trade.

The Prophet Muhammad is born in the city of ______________ (modern-day Saudi Arabia) but will soon become an orphan before being raised by his bedouin uncle.

One day while meditating in a small cave overlooking the city of Mecca, Muhammad is visited by the Angel _______________ who delivers to him the word of God.

Muhammad's revelations or messages from God, continue on for the rest of his life but his most powerful one is called "The Night Journey" in which atop a winged steed (horse) he travels all the way to ________________ before visiting heaven to talk to previous prophets.

Fast Forward to the year 630 CE; and Muhammad and an army of 10,000 followers march on the city of Mecca, where Muhammad circles the Ka'ba 7 times before destroying the idols inside and converting the space into a _______________.

Two years after the conquest of Mecca, Islam has spread throughout most of the Arabian Peninsula but Muhammad has no __________ heirs or successors.

The disagreement over who should succeed Muhammad as leader of the umma eventually became known as the Sunni - Shia ______________.

The _____________ believed that only descendants of the the Prophet Muhammad can be considered legitimate Caliphs.

The _____________ believed that any man who follows the prophet Muhammad's teachings can be the leader of the Umma.

Abu Bakr is chosen as the first ______________ of the Rashidun Caliphate also known as the Rightly Guided.

The political and and administrative planning and skill of __________ (the second Caliph) is one of the primary reasons for the success of the Rashidun as well as later Caliphates.

Very similar to the Persian Satrap and the Roman Procurator, the _________________ of the Caliphates made governing over large and diverse territories much easier.

The most significant accomplishment of Uthman the 3rd Caliph was the compiling of the _________________ officially giving Islam its holy book

Which group within Islam would view Ali (the 4th Caliph) as a legitimate ruler and leader of the Umma?

After the Rashidun Caliphate or the 4 Rightly Guided Caliphs, the __________________________ Caliphate founded by General Muawiyah would take over next.

The Umayyad Caliphate focused heavily on expanding their borders and did so through military conquest, even conquering most of modern day _________________ (Iberian Peninsula).

The ______________________ was a tax paid by Non-Muslim Military Aged males in order to support the Caliphate financially. The Muslim equivalent would be the Zakat or Almsgiving.

Over time, the Umayyads began to favor Arab Muslims over all other Muslims eventually leading to so much social unrest that the ___________________ Revolution took place in which people from all over the Caliphate took part and overthrew the Umayyads.

Unlike the Umayyads who focused heavily on military expansion and conquest, the Abbasids focused primarily on collecting and gathering _____________________ then translating it and preserving it for future generations.

Due to the prosperity and incredible amounts of cultural diffusion happening throughout the Abbasid Era, it is also often referred to as a _____________________ Age for Islam.

The Abbasid Caliphate meets its end at the hands of Hulagu Khan, the grandson of Genghis Khan the founder of the nomadic empire called the _______________________.

Based on our discussion regarding Feudalism, put the following options in order.

Which religion is credited with spreading from India to China along the Silk Road?

Which of the following is an original teaching of Muhammad?

Which of the following is the best description of feudalism?

Similar to the Buddhist stupas built by Ashoka the Great of the Mauryan Empire, the Islamic Caliphates built _____________________ throughout the empire in order to promote Islam.

Chivalry is....

Almsgiving, Prayer 5x daily, Pilgrimage, Fasting during Ramadan, & a Declaration of faith are known as...

What schism began as a result of a disagreement over who should be the leader of the Muslim world after the death of the the Prophet Muhammad?

Muslims regarded who as "Peoples of the Book?"

Which Caliphate crossed the strait of Gibraltar and conquered into the Iberian Peninsula bringing Islam to mainland Europe?

Which empire is considered to be the Golden Age of Islam?

This was a political and social order developed in the Middle Ages in which nobles offered peasants protection and land in exchange for service and a portion of the peasant’s harvest.

This language was popularized and used by the Caliphate in order to unify their diverse populations

Which social group within Feudalism would be expected to defend the lord's lands in return for a small fief to manage themselves?

During which month-long Muslim holiday do Muslims fast all day to remember the hunger of those less fortunate?

Which of the following is a result of the Arab and Viking invasions across Central Europe?

Which of the following would hold the greatest power in the hierarchy of feudalism?

The difference between Sunni & Shia Muslims can be best understood as which of the following?

What is one similarity that both the Islamic Caliphates and the Persian Empires shared?

Which of the following is not a religious text?

What kind of technology advanced during to the European Medieval Era?

In which way does Islam, Christianity & Judaism all share a commonality?

Which statement is true about the military conquests of the Islamic Empire and the rate of conversion to Islam during the 700-1200s?

Which event is considered to have ended the Golden Age of Islam?

Which city was the capital of Islamic science and discoveries during the Golden Age of Islam?

In 632 CE, A schism separated which two factions or groups within Islam after the death of the Prophet Muhammad?

Which of the following is not an aspect of Medieval Chivalry?

Which of the following is a characteristic of a serf?

Cultural diffusion can best be described as

What were nobles and vassals required to do for those working under them in the feudal system?

Hieroglyphics, Cuneiform and Sanskrit are all examples of _______________________.

Which form of government best describes the political structure of the Umayyad, Rashidun and Abbasid Caliphates?

Which of the following best describes Medieval Western Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire?

Rome fought and defeated which rival nation in the Punic Wars?

Though fragmented into decentralized kingdoms, Europe in the Middle Ages is loosely united by which institution?