God gold glory

belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism.

relationship between the amount of product and the desire for the product

a company whose stock is owned jointly by the shareholders.

A practice, primarily during the 18th century, in which European ships transported slaves from Africa to Caribbean islands, molasses from the Caribbean to Europe, and trade goods from Europe to Africa.

Religious revival in the colonies in 1730s and 1740s; George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards preached a message of atonement for sins by admitting them to God. The movement attempted to combat the growing secularism and rationalism of mid-eighteenth century America. Religious splits in the colonies became deeper.

A time of philosophical movement in eighteenth century Europe that fostered the belief that one could reform society by discovering rational laws that governed social behavior and were just as scientific as the laws of physics.

The original states : Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New jersey, New York, North Carolina, South Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island and Virginia.

Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware

New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut

1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony.

was a religious reform movement that arose within the Church of England in the late sixteenth century.

Several accusations of witchcraft led to sensational trials in Salem, Massachusetts at which Cotton Mather presided as the chief judge. 18 people were hanged as witches. Afterwards, most of the people involved admitted that the trials and executions had been a terrible mistake.

(1754-1763) War fought in the colonies between the English and the French for possession of the Ohio Valley area. The English won.

A tax that the British Parliament passed in 1767 that was placed on leads, glass, paint and tea

law passed by the British Parliament setting taxes on molasses and sugar imported by the colonies

1765; law that taxed printed goods, including: playing cards, documents, newspapers, etc.

The first bloodshed of the American Revolution (1770), as British guards at the Boston Customs House opened fire on a crowd killing five Americans

A 1773 protest against British taxes in which Boston colonists disguised as Mohawks dumped valuable tea into Boston Harbor.

series of laws passed in 1774 to punish Boston for the Tea Party

The legislative assembly composed of delegates from the rebel colonies who met during and after the American Revolution

On July 8, 1775, the colonies made a final offer of peace to Britain, agreeing to be loyal to the British government if it addressed their grievances (repealed the Coercive Acts, ended the taxation without representation policies). It was rejected by Parliament, which in December 1775 passed the American Prohibitory Act forbidding all further trade with the colonies.

King of England during the American Revolution

the document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain

Member of a militia during the American Revolution who could be ready to fight in sixty seconds

the first battle of the American Revolution (April 19, 1775)

1781 American victory in Virginia that forced the British to surrender

American victory over British troops in 1777 that was a turning point in the American Revolution.

1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution (1732-1799)

America's first Vice-President and second President. Sponsor of the American Revolution in Massachusetts, and wrote the Massachusetts guarantee that freedom of press "ought not to be restrained."

Author of the Declaration of Independence

American intellectual, inventor, and politician He helped to negotiate French support for the American Revolution.

American General who was labeled a traitor when he assisted the British in a failed attempt to take the American fort at West Point.

1807 act which ended all of America's importation and exportation. Jefferson hoped the act would pressure the French and British to recognize U.S. neutrality rights in exchange for U.S. goods. Really, however, just hurt Americans and our economy and got repealed in 1809.

1792-1816. Formed by Alexander Hamilton. Controlled the government until 1801. Wanted strong nationalistic government. Opposed by Democratic Republicans.

A group of members that opposed the creation of a stronger US federal government and the Constitution. They were led by Patrick Henry and Thomas Jefferson. They believed in a weak central government and strong state governments. They supported small farmers and landowners. They helped in preventing the Federalists from creating a political system like that of the British.

A republic in which representatives elected by the people make and enforce laws and policies.

A weak constitution that governed America during the Revolutionary War.

The document written in 1787 and ratified in 1788 that sets forth the institutional structure of the U.S. government and the tasks these institutions perform. It replaced the Articles of Confederation.

Those who were eager for war with Britain

"Father of the Constitution," Federalist leader, and fourth President of the United States.

A northern American politician. He developed the American System as well as negotiated numerous compromises.

Jackson, Clay, Adams, and Crawford all ran. The House of Reps chose Adams because Henry Clay had supported him. After Adams became President, he appointed Henry Clay as his Secretary of State. This was seen as a corrupt bargain by Andrew Jackson

Secretary of State, He served as sixth president under Monroe. In 1819, he drew up the Adams-Onis Treaty in which Spain gave the United States Florida in exchange for the United States dropping its claims to Texas. The Monroe Doctrine was mostly Adams' work.

The seventh President of the United States (1829-1837), who as a general in the War of 1812 defeated the British at New Orleans (1815). As president he opposed the Bank of America, objected to the right of individual states to nullify disagreeable federal laws, and increased the presidential powers.

Refers to the presidential election of 1824 in which Henry Clay, the Speaker of the House, convinced the House of Representatives to elect Adams rather than Jackson.

"Jackson and Reform"- Jackson would "clean sweep" the corruption of Adams to answer the question "shall the people rule". Jackson won E.C. 178-83, and pop greatly, increased voter turnouts=people's gov (New Democ)

A system of public employment based on rewarding party loyalists and friends.

"Compromise of 1820" over the issue of slavery in Missouri. It was decided Missouri entered as a slave state and Maine entered as a free state and all states North of the 36th parallel were free states and all South were slave states.

South Carolina Senator - advocate for state's rights, limited government, and nullification

A sectional crisis during the presidency of Andrew Jackson created by the Ordinance of Nullification, an attempt by the state of South Carolina to nullify a federal law - the tariff of 1828 - passed by the United States Congress.

Hamilton's big idea; fiercely opposed by Jefferson and Democratic-Rep. The bank would regulate money and draw investors; showed that the constitution could be construed in many a way.

John Brown's failed scheme to invade the South w/ armed slaves, backed by sponsoring, N. abolitionists; seized the fed. arsenal; Brown & remnants were caught by Robert E. Lee and the US Marines; Brown was hanged; South feared danger if it stayed in Union

A law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves; allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to slaveholders

The case that said slaves were property and had no rights

(1) California admitted as free state, (2) territorial status and popular sovereignty of Utah and New Mexico, (3) resolution of Texas-New Mexico boundaries, (4) federal assumption of Texas debt, (5) slave trade abolished in DC, and (6) new fugitive slave law; advocated by Henry Clay and Stephen A. Douglas

(1830) a congressional act that authorized the removal of Native Americans who lived east of the Mississippi River

The Cherokee Indians were forced to leave their lands. They traveled from North Carolina and Georgia through Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois, Missouri, and Arkansas-more than 800 miles (1,287 km)-to the Indian Territory. More than 4, 00 Cherokees died of cold, disease, and lack of food during the 116-day journey.