Question 1

In each nephron of the kidney, the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule...

Accepted Answer

filter the blood and capture the filtrate

Answer

reabsorb ions and minerals

Answer

breakdown harmful toxins and poisons

Answer

reabsorb water into the blood

Question 2

Which process in the nephron is least selective?

Accepted Answer

filtration

Answer

active transport of salt

Answer

secretion

Answer

reabsorption

Question 3

What happens to WATER as the blood is processed by the kidney?

Accepted Answer

passes into filtrate; mostly reabsorbed

Answer

passes into filtrate; almost all excreted in urine

Answer

secreted and excreted

Answer

remains in blood

Question 4

What happens to GLUCOSE as the blood is processed by the kidney?

Accepted Answer

passes into filtrate; mostly reabsorbed

Answer

passes into filtrate; almost all excreted in urine

Answer

secreted and excreted

Answer

remains in blood

Question 5

What happens to PLASMA PROTEIN as the blood is processed by the kidney?

Accepted Answer

remains in blood

Answer

secreted and excreted

Answer

passes into filtrate; mostly reabsorbed

Answer

passes into filtrate; almost all excreted in urine

Question 6

What happens to RED BLOOD CELLS as the blood is processed by the kidney?

Accepted Answer

remains in blood

Answer

passes into filtrate; mostly reabsorbed

Answer

passes into filtrate; almost all excreted in urine

Answer

secreted and excreted

Question 7

What happens to UREA as the blood is processed by the kidney?

Accepted Answer

passes into filtrate; almost all excreted in urine

Answer

passes into filtrate; mostly reabsorbed

Answer

remains in blood

Answer

secreted and excreted

Question 8

The target tissue of ADH is

Accepted Answer

Collecting Duct

Answer

Loop of Henle

Answer

Glomerulus

Answer

Distal Convoluted Tubule

Question 9

What do the fenestrated capillaries aid in urine production?

Accepted Answer

Larger volume can be filtered faster

Answer

Lower blood pressures are tolerated without damage

Answer

Small molecules can get through, but not large ones

Answer

Hormones can reach the collecting duct

Question 10

What is the role of the kidneys in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

removing urea from the blood

Answer

maintaining the water content of the blood

Answer

storage of urine

Answer

producing urine at a constant rate

Question 11

This drains the blood from the glomerular capillaries

Accepted Answer

efferent arteriole

Answer

afferent arteriole

Answer

renal artery

Answer

renal vein

Question 12

If you found high amount of WATER in urine, it would probably be from a

Accepted Answer

Healthy person

Answer

Untreated diabetic person

Answer

Dehydrated person

Question 13

If you found high amount of GLUCOSE (SUGAR) in urine, it would probably be from a

Accepted Answer

Untreated diabetic person

Answer

Healthy person

Answer

Dehydrated person

Question 14

Why is ADH secreted?

Accepted Answer

lack of water in the blood

Answer

too much urea in the blood

Answer

too much water in the blood

Answer

lack of urea in the blood

Question 15

There are 2 processes that the kidney does. This one is NONselective

Accepted Answer

Ultrafiltration

Answer

Reabsorption

Answer

Secretion

Answer

Filtration

Question 16

There are 2 processes that the kidney does. This one is selective

Accepted Answer

Reabsorption

Answer

Secretion

Answer

Filtration

Answer

Ultrafiltration

Question 17

Excretion is

Accepted Answer

removes waste products from the body

Answer

creating substances inside the body

Answer

leaking capillaries in the kidney

Answer

process by which kidney replenishes the water supply

Question 18

During reabsorption, these two molecules are moved by active transport (requires ATP)

Accepted Answer

glucose and salt

Answer

proteins and glucose

Answer

salt and water

Answer

glucose and water

Question 19

True or False: The descending limb of the loop of Henle is permeable to salt

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 20

What nephron structure is the factor contributing to increased blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

efferent arteriole

Answer

fenestrated capillaries

Answer

afferent arteriole

Answer

basement membrane

Question 21

Why is the loop of Henle important?

Accepted Answer

important in establishing a salt gradient

Answer

important in removing blood clots

Answer

important in establishing a proton gradient

Answer

important in removing proteins

Question 22

What is the function of the collecting duct?

Accepted Answer

Feeds into ureter and is where osmoregulation occurs.

Answer

Final site of selective reabsorption.

Answer

Blood network that reabsorbs components from the filtrate.

Answer

Important for establishing a salt gradient in the medulla.

Question 23

What is the glomerulus?

Accepted Answer

Capillary tuft where filtration occurs.

Answer

Brings blood to the nephron to be filtered

Answer

First part of nephron where filtrate is collected.

Answer

Removes blood from nephron (minus filtered components)

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