The process of establishing and maintaining this synchrony is commonly known as

synchronized with seasons of the year and have a cycle of about 12 months

synchronized with the phases of the moon and have a cycle of about 28 days

active at dawn and dusk

behavior occurs only near dawn

behavior occurs only near dusk

active during daylight hours

active during night

a device that entomologists use to record movement (or other activity) of a caged insect.

A combination of Innate and Learned Behaviors Sometimes innate behaviors may be modified through practice and experience.  learned behaviors may incorporate or depend upon elements of innate behavior.

a special case of programmed learning that occurs early in life   the animal acquires a memory of certain stimuli in its "home" environment

involves memory of patterns or events when there is no apparent reward or punishment associated with the behavior.

depends on the animal's ability to remember the outcome of past events and modify future behavior accordingly.  Good consequences (positive feedback) reinforce the behavior and increase its likelihood of occurrence in the future.  Bad consequences (negative feedback) have the opposite effect.

learning to associate one stimulus with another, unrelated stimulus.

learning to "ignore" stimuli that are unimportant, irrelevant, or repetitive.

Nonheritable -- acquired only through observation or experience Extrinsic -- absent in animals raised in isolation from others Permutable -- pattern or sequence may change over time Adaptable -- capable of modification to suit changing conditions Progressive -- subject to improvement or refinement through practice

a persistent change in behavior that occurs as a result of experience.

a sequence of coordinated movements that are performed together as a "unit" without interruption.

a movement directly toward (positive) or away from (negative) a stimulus.

a change in the speed of movement a change in the rate of turning directly proportional to the intensity of a stimulus

coordinated movements (walking, flying, swimming, etc.) that occur in response to an external stimulus.

Very simple involuntary response to stimuli Involves only 2 neurons and a single pathway between them

Heritable -- encoded in DNA and passed from generation to generation Intrinsic -- present in animals raised in isolation from others Stereotypic -- performed in the same way each time by each individual Inflexible -- not modified by development or experience Consummate -- fully developed or expressed at first performance

Any behavior we can observe by watching an animal is

an internally directed system of adaptive activities that facilitate survival and reproduction (What Animals DO)

The study of animal behavior is called

Innate behavior is often referred to as