Question 1

treaty

Accepted Answer

An agreement that officially ends a war or settles issues between nations.

Question 2

alliance

Accepted Answer

A partnership where countries or groups agree to help each other.

Question 3

proclamation

Accepted Answer

An official announcement or order from a government.

Question 4

Patriot

Accepted Answer

A colonist who supported independence from Britain.

Question 5

Loyalist

Accepted Answer

A colonist who remained loyal to Britain.

Question 6

confederation

Accepted Answer

A loose union of states with a weak national government.

Question 7

compromise

Accepted Answer

An agreement where each side gives up some of what it wants.

Question 8

ratify

Accepted Answer

To officially approve.

Question 9

federalism

Accepted Answer

A system where national and state governments share power.

Question 10

checks and balances

Accepted Answer

A system where branches of government limit one another's power.

Question 11

What area did Britain and France compete over before the French and Indian War?

Accepted Answer

The Ohio River Valley.

Question 12

What problem did Britain have after winning the French and Indian War?

Accepted Answer

Britain had a large war debt.

Question 13

Why did Britain tax the colonies after the French and Indian War?

Accepted Answer

To help pay war debts.

Question 14

What did "no taxation without representation" mean?

Accepted Answer

Colonists believed taxes were unfair if they had no voice in government.

Question 15

What did the Proclamation of 1763 do?

Accepted Answer

It limited settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Question 16

Why did the Boston Tea Party lead to punishment?

Accepted Answer

Colonists destroyed tea to protest British authority, so Britain passed the Intolerable Acts.

Question 17

What did Patrick Henry's "give me liberty" message show?

Accepted Answer

Many Patriots believed the colonies should prepare to fight for freedom.

Question 18

Why were Lexington and Concord important?

Accepted Answer

They were the first fighting between colonial militia and British troops.

Question 19

Why was the Declaration of Independence important?

Accepted Answer

It announced that the colonies were separating from Britain.

Question 20

Why was Saratoga a turning point?

Accepted Answer

It helped convince France to become an American ally.

Question 21

Why was Yorktown important?

Accepted Answer

It helped lead to the Peace of Paris and American independence.

Question 22

What did the Treaty of Paris of 1783 do?

Accepted Answer

It ended the American Revolution and recognized American independence.

Question 23

What were the Articles of Confederation?

Accepted Answer

The first plan of government for the United States.

Question 24

What was a major weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

Accepted Answer

The national government could not collect taxes or enforce laws well.

Question 25

Why were the Articles made weak on purpose?

Accepted Answer

Americans feared a national government that was too powerful.

Question 26

What did Shays's Rebellion show?

Accepted Answer

The national government was too weak to respond well to unrest.

Question 27

Why did leaders meet at the Constitutional Convention?

Accepted Answer

To fix or replace the weak Articles of Confederation.

Question 28

Why is the Constitution called a document of compromises?

Accepted Answer

Delegates had to make agreements between different states and viewpoints.

Question 29

What did the Great Compromise create?

Accepted Answer

A House based on population and a Senate with equal state representation.

Question 30

How is representation decided in the House of Representatives?

Accepted Answer

By state population.

Question 31

How is representation decided in the Senate?

Accepted Answer

Each state gets equal representation.

Question 32

What did Federalists support?

Accepted Answer

Ratifying the Constitution and creating a stronger national government.

Question 33

What did Anti-Federalists fear?

Accepted Answer

The national government might become too powerful and threaten rights.

Question 34

How did the Bill of Rights help the Constitution get ratified?

Accepted Answer

It protected individual rights and made the Constitution safer to many people.

Question 35

What are the three branches of government?

Accepted Answer

Legislative, executive, and judicial.

Question 36

What does the legislative branch do?

Accepted Answer

Makes laws.

Question 37

What does the executive branch do?

Accepted Answer

Enforces laws.

Question 38

What does the judicial branch do?

Accepted Answer

Interprets laws.

Question 39

Why does the U.S. government have three branches?

Accepted Answer

To keep one branch from having too much power.

Question 40

What principle is shown when the president vetoes a bill and Congress can override it?

Accepted Answer

Checks and balances.

Question 41

How does a veto limit power?

Accepted Answer

The president can check Congress by rejecting a bill.

Question 42

How does Congress limit the president's veto power?

Accepted Answer

Congress can override the veto.

Question 43

Cause and effect: French and Indian War → British debt → what?

Accepted Answer

New taxes and colonial protests.

Question 44

Cause and effect: Boston Tea Party → Intolerable Acts → what?

Accepted Answer

More colonial unity and resistance.

Question 45

Cause and effect: Weak Articles → Shays's Rebellion → what?

Accepted Answer

Leaders realized the national government needed to be stronger.

Question 46

Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists

Accepted Answer

Federalists supported the Constitution; Anti-Federalists feared too much national power.

Question 47

Articles of Confederation vs. Constitution

Accepted Answer

The Articles were weak; the Constitution created a stronger national government with limits.

Question 48

Best short summary of Units 4-6

Accepted Answer

The colonies protested British control, won independence, replaced the weak Articles, and created a Constitution with rights and limits on power.