Light, Sound, & electromagnetic essential understanding

A wave that requires a medium to travel through, such as sound waves in air.

The distance between consecutive crests or troughs in a wave.

The amount of energy that a sound wave carries per second through a unit area.

The change in direction of a wave as it passes from one medium to another, often resulting in bending.

The process of a wave changing direction when it bounces off a surface.

The total amount of kinetic and potential energy present in a mechanical system.

The range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, radio waves, and X-rays.

The principle stating that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

The measure of how many cycles of a wave pass a point in one second.

The maximum distance that points on a wave (like sound or light) move from their rest positions.

The energy associated with moving electric charges, often used to power devices.

The process by which a wave spreads out as it passes through a narrow opening or around obstacles.

The form of energy that can be observed as light and is responsible for sight.

The process of converting one form of energy into another, such as turning electrical energy into mechanical energy.

The physical substance that occupies space and has mass, constituting all things in the universe.