Certain tools to interpret the information on that specific map

In order to use all maps more effectively

Marker that indicates direction

Cardinal directions

Intermediate directions

Weeee and not Ewwww

Away from you, toward the top of your desk in order to orient your map correctly for use

a list that explains what the symbols on a map stand for

Specific to each map

Shows the relationship between map measurements and actual distance

Shows how far it is from one place to another

Vary with the size of the area shown

Maps that show a large area but little detail

Maps that show a small area with a great amount of detail

Relative and Absolute

describes how a place is related to its surrounding environment

can only be found if one is familiar with the specific characteristics of a place

The relative location of the cafeteria is SW of the main office.

the exact place on earth where a geographic feature is found

described using a grid of lines on the earth's surface; latitude and longitude

division of the earth into 2 equal halves

divides the N&S halves of the earth

divides the E&W halves of the earth

Set of imaginary lines that run parallel to the equator; measure distances north or south of the equator

Lat rhymes with flat - Latitude lines run horizontally or flat

Set of imaginary lines that run around the earth over the poles; measure distances east or west starting at the Prime Meridian

Equator

Prime Meridian

Each degree of latitude and longitude is subdivided into 60 minutes and 60 seconds for more precise readings

Shows the location and topography of the earth's physical features

mountains, deserts, and bodies of water

things you can touch

Shows the boundaries between countries and smaller internal divisions such as states or counties

Features borders of states, counties, capitals, and cities

things that are there because the government says they are

Map that emphasizes a particular theme or subject

Climate, natural vegetation, population density, or economic activities

introduction of railroads

24 time zones each 1,000 miles across at the equator

begin at the Prime Meridian and end at the International Date Line

gain one day when crossing to the east, lose one day when crossing to the west

+1 hour because the sun rises in the east

-1 hour because the sun sets in the west

the US has 4 times zones; Eastern (farthest east), Central, Mountain, Pacific (farthest west)

Period when the area north of the Arctic Circle experiences continuous daylight and Antarctic Circle experiences continuous continuous night