March 12th Review
Quiz by Adrian Quintana
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- Q1
What did the authors of the Szczepanik et al. study conclude was necessary for fear response acquisition?
Skin Conductance Response Above Baseline
Reduced Response to Startle
US/CS+ contingency
Close Relationship between observer and presenter.
30s - Q2
What was unique about the participant selection for this study?
Only participants with known neurological disorders were selected.
Participants were required to have a high score on the McGill Friendship Questionnaire.
All participants were studying psychology or cognitive science.
Participants were randomly assigned to friend pairs.
30s - Q3
What distinguishes observational fear learning (OFL) from instructed fear learning?
OFL requires the learner to experience the aversive stimulus directly
Instructed fear learning is a form of social learning, while OFL is not
Instructed fear learning relies solely on verbal instructions without any demonstrations.
OFL involves learning fear responses by observing others experiencing an aversive stimulus.
30s - Q4
What was a key methodological difference in this study that aimed to improve ecological validity compared to past research on fear learning?
Using only video recordings of fear conditioning sessions for observation.
Utilizing a larger number of participants to ensure statistical significance.
The inclusion of real-time observation of friends undergoing fear conditioning.
Conducting the experiments in a real-world environment outside the laboratory.
30s - Q5
Which brain pathway is primarily involved in the neural processing of observational fear learning?
Hippocampal-cortical pathway
Amygdala-Thalamic-cortical pathway
Cerebellar pathway
Basal ganglia pathway
30s - Q6
Which statement best describes social learning?
Learning in isolation.
Learning from personal reinforcement.
Learning by observing others.
Learning through direct instruction.
30s - Q7
What does the term "CS/US contingency" refer to in the context of conditioning?
The independence of two stimuli.
The unpredictability of a stimulus.
The association between a conditioned stimulus (CS) and an unconditioned stimulus (US).
The duration of a stimulus.
30s - Q8
True or False: Most of the participants in this study learned the CS+/US contingen
False
True
30s - Q9
Which of the following fear learning responses was included in this study that had never been included in previous studies:
Cortisol Levels
Skin Conductance Response
Fear Potentiated Startle
Heart Rate
30s - Q10
True or False: The observer underwent the electric shock phase just like the demonstrator
True
False
30s - Q11
Which of the following may have been the cause of the unlearned contingency?
Variability in demonstrators
All of the above
Distracting stimulus due to white noise burst
Generalization of the square shape as the shock predictor rather than the color
30s - Q12
These results tell us ____ about humans
We are not good at paying attention
We are likely to have fear even if we are not conscious of the threat
We are highly sensitive to all cues related to threat
We are similar to rats
30s - Q13
Which of the following did NOT contribute to the ecological validity of this study?
The participants knew each other well
Two measures of fear are tested including FPS and SCR
The observer viewed the demonstrator through a live stream
The study was conducted in real-time (not a pre-recorded video)
30s - Q14
True or false: The addition of FPS allows us to make greater cross-species comparison with relation to observational fear learning
True
False
30s